ART MAKE UP EXERCISE
DANIEL MUÑOZ BLANDON
GIMNASIO CAMPESTRE
ART DEPARTMENT
SEVENTH B
SURREALISM
• Surrealism originated in the late 1910s and early '20s as a literary
movement that experimented with a new mode of expression called
automatic writing, or automatism, which sought to release the unbridled
imagination of the subconscious. Officially consecrated in Paris in 1924
with the publication of the Manifesto of Surrealism by the poet and critic
André Breton (1896–1966), Surrealism became an international
intellectual and political movement. Breton, a trained psychiatrist, along
with French poets Louis Aragon (1897–1982), Paul Éluard (1895–1952),
and Philippe Soupault (1897–1990), were influenced by the psychological
theories and dream studies of Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) and the
political ideas of Karl Marx (1818–1883). Using Freudian methods of free
association, their poetry and prose drew upon the private world of the
mind, traditionally restricted by reason and societal limitations, to produce
surprising, unexpected imagery. The cerebral and irrational tenets of
Surrealism find their ancestry in the clever and whimsical disregard for
tradition fostered by Dadaism a decade earlier.
RON MUECK
•
Australian sculptor. He spent 20 years in Australian and British television and
advertising, where he was already making the mannequins that he later adapted
to sculptural purposes. Mueck took part in the exhibition Sensation at the Royal
Academy in 1997 with mixed media sculpture Dead Dad (1996–7; London, Saatchi
Gal.), an unsettling illusionistic rendition of his own deceased father, half life-size.
Made from memory, the sculpture became as much the focus for a strong
emotional involvement as it was a mere object treated with Mueck's rigorous eye
for detail. As the artist explained, the miniaturised representation proved a more
emotionally involving depiction of death by compelling the beholder to ‘cradle' the
corpse visually. Mueck sculpts in clay, makes a plaster mould around it and finally
replaces the clay with a mixture of fibreglass, silicone and resin; the technical skill
involved has often been foregrounded by critics to the detriment of its content.
Such psychological density was evident in Ghost (h. 2.02 m, 1998; London, Tate), a
gigantic representation of an awkward teenage girl wearing a bathing suit and
averting her gaze from the viewer. Such plays on scale are integral to the powerful
effects of Mueck's figures. A colossal figure commissioned for the Millenium Dome
in London in 2000 reiterated a similar issue. Tackling traditional themes such as
self-portraiture or the age-old question of verisimilitude in art, Mueck applies skills
more usually associated with theatrical or cinematic special effects, to engender a
personal understanding of the art object.
FERNANDO BOTERO
• Born in Colombia in 1932, Fernando Botero left matador school to
become an artist, displaying his work for the first time in a 1948. His
subsequent art, now exhibited in major cities worldwide,
concentrates on situational portraiture united by his subjects'
proportional exaggeration. In 2004, Botero turned to the overtly
political, exhibiting a series of drawings and paintings focusing on
the violence in Colombia stemming from drug cartel activities. In
2005, he unveiled his "Abu Ghraib" series, based on reports of
American military forces abusing prisoners at the Abu Ghraib prison
during the Iraq War. The series took him more than 14 months to
complete, and received considerable attention when it was first
exhibited in Europe.
• Fernando Botero lives with his second wife, Greek artist Sophia Vari,
in both Paris, France, and coastal Italy. He continues to exhibit his
works around the world.
CONNECTION
• THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THIS
MOVEMENTE AND THIS ARTIST IS BECAUSE
THEY USE SOME ORIGINAL AND ALLREADY
MADE PICTURES AND TRANSFORMED THEM
INTO THEIR STYLE.
CONCLUSIONS
• THIS ARTISTS HAVE MADE ALL THIS ART
PIECES BASING IN SOMETHING ELSE AND
INPIRE BY THEY STYLE OF DOING SOMETHING,
AND THIS ARTISTS ARE RELATED BECAUSE
THEY HAVE SOME CHARACTERISTICS THAT
HAVE TO BE OF THAT SPECIFIC MOVEMENT