2022-09-24T15:18:51+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>Pharmacology</p>, <p>Medical Pharmacology</p>, <p>Clinical toxicology</p>, <p>Drug</p>, <p>Poison</p>, <p>Toxin</p>, <p>Toxicant</p>, <p>toxins; poisons; posions; toxins</p>, <p>Receptor</p>, <p>chemical bonds</p>, <p>Regulatory Receptors</p>, <p>Enzymes</p>, <p>Transport</p>, <p>Structural</p>, <p>Agonist</p>, <p>Orthosteric</p>, <p>Full agonists</p>, <p>Partial agonists</p>, <p>Antagoinst</p>, <p>Competitive antagonist</p>, <p>Non-competitive antagonist </p>, <p>Reversible antagonist</p>, <p>Irreversible antagonist</p>, <p>Inverse Agonists</p>, <p>Allosteric Modulator</p>, <p>Positive allosteric modulator</p>, <p>Negative allosteric modulator</p>, <p>speed of activation, length of activation, extent of downstream coupling</p> flashcards
Week 1: Principles of Pharmacology

Week 1: Principles of Pharmacology

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  • Pharmacology

    -the study of substances that interact with living systems through chemical processes

  • Medical Pharmacology

    -science involving using substances to prevent, diagnose, or treat disease.

    -requires understanding of physiology, pathophysiology, chemistry, and biology

  • Clinical toxicology

    -medical science concerned with disease caused by or uniquely associated with toxic substances

  • Drug

    a substances that affects a biological system in a potentially useful way. Drugs are used in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and cure of disease.

  • Poison

    any substance capable of producing a harmful effect

  • Toxin

    a naturally-occurring poison

  • Toxicant

    synthetic poisons

  • toxins; poisons; posions; toxins

    All _____ are ______, not all _______ are ________

  • Receptor

    -the component of a cell or organism that interacts with a drug and leads to the observed effects. Aka the molecular target.

  • chemical bonds

    Drugs typically interact with receptors by what means?

  • Regulatory Receptors

    mediate action of endogenous chemical signals. Classic membrane bound receptors

  • Enzymes

    mediate chemical reactions/structural conversions

  • Transport

    move things, often across membranes

  • Structural

    provides tissue or cellular structure

  • Agonist

    bind and activate the receptor

  • Orthosteric

    the site on the receptor that chemicals bind to, to initiate some type of effect

  • Full agonists

    induce the absolute maximal response the cell is capable of when all receptors are occupied

  • Partial agonists

    induce a sub-maximal response when all receptors are occupied.

  • Antagoinst

    bind without activating the receptor, but interfere with the ability of an agonist to activate the receptor.

  • Competitive antagonist

    blocks agonist activity by binding to the orthosteric site

  • Non-competitive antagonist

    block agonist activity by binding to an allosteric site; may change the structure of the orthosteric site

  • Reversible antagonist

    high concentrations of agonist can overcome blockade

  • Irreversible antagonist

    high concentrations of agonist can not overcome blockage

  • Inverse Agonists

    -bind and inactivate a receptor

    -activity drops below baseline levels

  • Allosteric Modulator

    a drug that binds to a receptor site other than the orthosteric site, thereby impacting the affinity for a drug to bind and regulate that receptor

  • Positive allosteric modulator

    increase the affinity of an agonist for that receptor

  • Negative allosteric modulator

    decrease the affinity of an agonist for that receptor

    -includes non-competitive antagonists

    -difficult to overcome with agonists

  • speed of activation, length of activation, extent of downstream coupling

    What are some effects of allosteric modulators?