week 1: adolescent + mental health

he capacity of each and all of us to feel, think, act in ways that

enhance our ability to enjoy life and deal with the challenges we face.

the medical term for mental illness and is defined and diagnosed in Canada according to criteria specified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) by the American Psychiatric Association

- co-occurring symptoms that may involve alterations in thought, experience, and emotion that are serious enough to cause distress and impair functioning

The co-occurrence of a mental health and substance use disorders

stigma refers to the negative stereotypes and beliefs held toward a particular topic or group of people.

Mental illness stigma is the devalued social identity a person may possess (internalized)due to the negativity attributed to mental illness

impact a person’s ability to access key resources such as

education, employment, housing, social networks, and institutions.

been shown to contribute to poorer quality physical care and as a major barrier to accessing mental health treatment and recovery

people who are homeless are more likely to experience compromised

mental health or mental illness than the general populationpersons living with mental illness are more vulnerable to living in poverty than persons without a mental illness

assess mental health strengths and coping skills and to screen for any dysfunction

mini mental state examination (MMSE) = use when time limited

- used to assess cognitive status when there is a concern of cognitive impairment

new learning: 4 unrelated words test = test ability to acquire new memories

word comprehension + reading/writing = for aphasia

mini-cog test = screen for mild cognitive impairment

glasgow coma scale = level of consciousness

set test (name 10 fruits, animals, color, towns) = for dementia

clock test (draw a time) = cognitive impairment

when you discover any abnormality in mood or behaviour

Family members are concerned about a person’s behavioural changes, such as memory loss or inappropriate social interaction.

Brain lesions (trauma, tumour, stroke)

aphasia

Symptoms (e.g., extreme worrying and avoidance) of psychiatric mental illness, especially with acute onset, are evident.

characterized by one or more depressive episodes lasting at least 2

weeks and accompanied by at least four additional symptoms of depression (e.g., fatigue or loss of energy, insomnia or oversleeping, feelings of worthlessness, significant weight fluctuations—gain or loss)

episodes of mania (e.g., extreme irritability and increased goal-directed activity or energy [accompanied by >3: inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased sleep, more talkative, flight of ideas, distractibility, increased goal-directed activity or psychomotor agitation, excessive involvement in activities that may or may not be dangerous]) and sometimes hypomania (e.g., irritability and increased energy).

evidence of episodes of hypomania and depressed mood; there are no episodes of mania

encompass a multitude of disorders whose primary feature is persistent abnormal or inappropriate anxiety.

experience an increased heart rate, tensed muscles, and other “fight or flight” processes;

many types of anxiety disorders (e.g., separation anxiety disorder, selective mutism, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder [social phobia], panic disorder, agoraphobia, and generalized anxiety disorder)”

Body movements are voluntary, deliberate, coordinated, smooth, and even = normal

Akithesia: excessive motor activity (e.g., pacing wringing of hands, inability to sit still) = anxiety, drug overdose, Parkinsonism, med effect, schizophrenia, PTSD

Bradykinesia: psychomotor retardation (e.g., slowing of physical and emotional reactions) = depression, med effect, schizophrenia

catatonia: immobility with muscular rigidity and inflexibility” = schizophrenia, severe depression

sitting on edge of chair, darting eyes, curled up, restless, pacing is abnormal

eccentric + bizarre dress = schizophrenia, mania

meticulously dressed and very groomed = OCD

if they previously were well groomed but not anymore look into it

level of consciousness