Transmembrane transporters

Cation diffusion facilitators (CDFs) are integral membrane proteins that increase tolerance to divalent metal ions such as cadmium, zinc, and cobalt.

The Formate-Nitrite Transporter (FNT) Family (TC# 1.A.16) is a family of homologous transmembrane proteins belonging to the Major Intrinsic Protein (MIP) Superfamily.

The Escherichia coli Acriflavine resistance (acrA and acrB genes) encode a multi-drug efflux system that is believed to protect the bacterium against hydrophobic inhibitors.

This protein family consists of various potassium transport proteins (Trk) and V-type sodium ATP synthase subunit J or translocating ATPase J (EC).

This family of proteins are found both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Human concentrative nucleoside transporters include SLC28A1, SLC28A2 and SLC28A3 proteins.

Members of the Small Conductance Mechanosensitive Ion Channel (MscS) Family (TC# 1.A.23) provide protection against hypo-osmotic shock in bacteria, responding both to stretching of the cell membrane and to membrane depolarization.

The Nucleobase:Cation Symporter-2 (NCS2) Family, also called the Nucleobase/Ascorbate Transporter (NAT) Family, consists of over 1000 sequenced proteins derived from gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, archaea, fungi, plants and animals.

The mercury transporter superfamily (TC# 1.A.72) is a family of transmembrane bacterial transporters of mercury ions.

The bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) is a multi-protein system involved in the regulation of a variety of metabolic and transcriptional processes.

Two members of the Tellurite-Resistance/Dicarboxylate Transporter (TDT) family have been functionally characterised.

Members of this protein family have been assigned as thiamine transporters by a phylogenomic analysis of families of genes regulated by the THI element, a broadly conserved RNA secondary structure element through which thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) levels can regulate transcription of many genes related to thiamine transport, salvage, and de novo biosynthesis.

In enzymology, an oligosaccharide-transporting ATPase (EC 3.6.3.18) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ATP + H2O + oligosaccharideout ADP + phosphate + oligosaccharidein The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, H2O, and oligosaccharide, whereas its 3 products are ADP, phosphate, and oligosaccharide.

The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) is a transmembrane protein that allows the passage of calcium ions from a cell's cytosol into mitochondria.

The Matrix-2 (M2) protein is a proton-selective ion channel protein, integral in the viral envelope of the influenza A virus.

An organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) is a membrane transport protein or 'transporter' that mediates the transport of mainly organic anions across the cell membrane.

The Polycystin Cation Channel (PCC) Family (TC# 1.A.5) consists of several transporters ranging in size from 500 to over 4000 amino acyl residues (aas) in length and exhibiting between 5 and 18 transmembrane segments (TMSs).

The K+ Transporter (Trk) Family is a member of the voltage-gated ion channel (VIC) superfamily.

The ryanodine-inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor Ca2+ channel (RIR-CaC) family (TC# 1.A.3) consists of several receptor proteins exhibiting 4 to 6 transmembrane segments (TMSs), although ryanodine receptor Ca2+ release channel (RyR2; TC# 1.A.3.1.1), of Homo sapiens exhibits 10 TMSs.

The transient receptor potential Ca2+ channel (TRP-CC) family (TC# 1.A.4) is a member of the voltage-gated ion channel (VIC) superfamily and consists of cation channels conserved from worms to humans.

The ATP-gated P2X Receptor Cation Channel (P2X Receptor) Family (TC# 1.A.7) consists of cation-permeable ligand gated ion channels that open in response to the binding of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP).

Chloride channels are a superfamily of poorly understood ion channels specific for chloride.

The Bcl-2 Family (TC# 1.A.21) consists of apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 and its homologues.

Innexins (TC# 1.A.25), or gap junction proteins, are structurally related transmembrane proteins that assemble to form invertebrate gap junctions.

The Large Conductance Mechanosensitive Ion Channel (MscL) Family (TC# 1.A.22) consists of pore-forming membrane proteins that are responsible for translating physical forces applied to cell membranes into electrophysiological activities.

The CorA transport system is the primary Mg2+ influx system of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli.

Members of the Neurotransmitter:Sodium Symporter (NSS) family (TC# 2.A.22) catalyze uptake of a variety of neurotransmitters, amino acids, osmolytes and related nitrogenous substances by a solute:Na+ symport mechanism.

A urea transporter is a membrane transport protein, transporting urea.

The Amino Acid-Polyamine-Organocation (APC) Family (TC# 2.A.3) of transport proteins includes members that function as solute:cation symporters and solute:solute antiporters.

Members of the Alanine or Glycine:Cation Symporter (AGCS) Family (TC# 2.A.25) transport alanine and/or glycine in symport with Na+ and or H+.

The amino acid-polyamine-organocation (APC) superfamily is the second largest superfamily of secondary carriers currently known.

The anion exchanger family (TC# 2.A.31) is a member of the large APC superfamily of secondary carriers.

The sulfate permease (SulP) family (TC# 2.A.53) is a member of the large APC superfamily of secondary carriers.

Proteins of the Betaine/Carnitine/Choline Transporter (BCCT) family (TC# 2.A.15) are found in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and archaea.

The Nucleobase:Cation Symporter-1 (NCS1) Family (TC# 2.A.39) consists of over 1000 currently sequenced proteins derived from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, archaea, fungi and plants.

Members of the Solute:Sodium Symporter (SSS) Family (TC# 2.A.21) catalyze solute:Na+ symport.

The Calcium-Dependent Chloride Channel (Ca-ClC) Family (TC# 1.A.17) consists of eukaryotic proteins that are required for normal electrolyte and fluid secretion, olfactory perception, and neuronal and smooth muscle excitability in animals.

The Membrane Attack Complex/Perforin (MACPF) superfamily, sometimes referred to as the MACPF/CDC superfamily, is named after a domain that is common to the membrane attack complex (MAC) proteins of the complement system (C6, C7, C8α, C8β and C9) and perforin (PF).

In molecular biology, bicarbonate transporter proteins are proteins which transport bicarbonate.

The Disufide bond oxidoreductase D (DsbD) family is a member of the Lysine Exporter (LysE) Superfamily.

The C4-dicarboxylate uptake C family or DcuC family (TC# 2.A.61) is a family of transmembrane ion transporters found in bacteria.

The C4-dicarboxylate uptake family or Dcu family (TC# 2.A.13) is a family of transmembrane ion transporters found in bacteria.

Na+/H+ antiporter A (NhaA) family (TC# 2.A.33) contains a number of bacterial sodium-proton antiporter (SPAP) proteins.

The Nicotinamide Ribonucleoside (NR) Uptake Permease (PnuC) Family (TC# 4.B.1) is a family of transmembrane transporters that is part of the TOG superfamily.

The p-aminobenzoyl-glutamate transporter (AbgT) family (TC# 2.A.68) is a family of transporter proteins belonging to the ion transporter (IT) superfamily.

Sodium/proton antiporters are essential secondary-active transporters for sodium and pH homeostasis.

Pleurotolysin (TC# 1.C.97.1.1), a sphingomyelin-specific cytolysin consisting of A (17 kDa; Q8X1M9) and B (59 kDa; Q5W9E8) components from the basidiomycete Pleurotus ostreatus, assembles into a transmembrane pore complex.

The H+-translocating F420H2 Dehydrogenase (F420H2DH) Family (TC# 3.D.9) is a member of the Na+ transporting Mrp superfamily.