Toxins

Paracetamol toxicity is caused by excessive use or overdose of the medication paracetamol ( acetaminophen).

Aflatoxins are poisonous and cancer-causing chemicals that are produced by certain molds (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus) which grow in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains.

A toxin-antitoxin system is a set of two or more closely linked genes that together encode both a protein 'poison' and a corresponding 'antidote'.

Cantharidin is an odorless, colorless terpenoid secreted by many species of blister beetles, including broadly in genus Epicauta, and in species Lytta vesicatoria (Spanish fly).

Pederin is a vesicant toxic amide with two tetrahydropyran rings, found in the haemolymph of the Paederus genus of beetles, including the Nairobi fly, belonging to the Staphylinidae family.

Sodium bifluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula NaHF2.

Aconitine is a toxin produced by the Aconitum plant, also known as devil’s helmet or monkshood.

Samandarin or Samandarine is the main steroidal alkaloid secreted by the fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra).

Delta endotoxins (δ-endotoxins, also called Cry and Cyt toxins) are pore-forming toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis species of bacteria.

Aplysiatoxin is a cyanotoxin produced by certain cyanobacteria species.

Gonyautoxins (GTX) are a few similar toxic molecules that are naturally produced by algae.

RdlD RNA (regulator detected in LDR-D) is a family of small non-coding RNAs which repress the protein LdrD in a type I toxin-antitoxin system.

Oxotoxins, or oxytoxins, are a group of neurotoxins present in the venom of lynx spiders belonging to the genus Oxyopes, hence the name oxytoxin.

Tremetone is a chemical compound found in tremetol, a toxin mixture from snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) that causes milk sickness in humans and trembles in livestock.

Dinophysis acuta is a species of flagellated planktons belonging to the genus Dinophysis.

Euglenophycin is an ichthyotoxic compound isolated from Euglena sanguinea - a protist of the genus Euglena.

Dinitro-ortho-cresol (DNOC) is an organic compound with the structural formula CH3C6H2(NO2)2OH.

Dysidenin is a toxin from the sponge Dysidea herbacea.

Sanguinarine is a toxic polycyclic quaternary ammonium salt.

Cytolethal distending toxins (abbreviated CDTs) are a class of heterotrimeric toxins produced by certain gram-negative bacteria that display DNase activity.

Penochalasin A is a cytotoxic alkaloid produced by Chaetomium globosum.

Dichloroacetylene (DCA) is an oily pyrophoric liquid chemical compound with the chemical formula C2Cl2.

Higenamine (norcoclaurine) is a chemical compound found in a variety of plants including Nandina domestica (fruit), Aconitum carmichaelii (root), Asarum heterotropioides, Galium divaricatum (stem and vine), Annona squamosa, and Nelumbo nucifera (lotus seeds).

Menthofuran is an organic compound found in a variety of essential oils including that of Pennyroyal.

NAPQI (N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine) is a toxic byproduct produced during the xenobiotic metabolism of the analgesic paracetamol (acetaminophen).

Toxol is a toxic chemical compound found in Aplopappus heterophyllus and Werneria ciliolata.

Arthropod defensins are a family of insect and scorpion cysteine-rich antibacterial peptides, primarily active against Gram-positive bacteria.