2023-11-03T06:20:18+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>SAR clade</p>, <p>Archaeplastida</p>, <p>excavata</p>, <p>unikonta</p>, <p>euglenozoans (supergroup excavata)</p>, <p>alveolates: ciliates (supergroup SAR clade)</p>, <p>alveolates: dinoflagellates (supergroup SAR clade)</p>, <p>stramenopiles: diatoms (supergroup SAR clade)</p>, <p>stramenopiles: brown algae (supergroup SAR clade)</p>, <p>red algae (supergroup archaeplastida)</p>, <p>chlorophytes (supergroup archaeplastida)</p>, <p>charophytes (supergroup archaeplastida)</p>, <p>amoebozoans: slime moulds (supergroup unikonta)</p>, <p>amoebozoans: tubulinids (supergroup unikonta)</p>, <p>diplomonads (supergroup excavata)</p>, <p>parabasalids</p>, <p>kinetoplastids (supergroup excavata)</p>, <p>stramenopiles: golden algae (supergroup SAR clade)</p>, <p>alveolates: apicomplexans (supergroup SAR clade)</p>, <p>Rhizarians: forams (supergroup SAR clade)</p> flashcards
The Protists

The Protists

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  • SAR clade

    stramenopiles, alveolates, rhizarians

  • Archaeplastida

    red algae, chlorophytes, charophytes, land plant

  • excavata

    diplomonads, parabasalids, euglenozoans

  • unikonta

    amoebozoans, opisthokonts

  • euglenozoans (supergroup excavata)

    - photosynthetic or heterotrophic

    - flagella used for locomotion

    - no call wall composed of cellulose

  • alveolates: ciliates (supergroup SAR clade)

    - stentor possesses cilia in rows along the oral groove

    - feed on microscopic organisms

  • alveolates: dinoflagellates (supergroup SAR clade)

    - predominantly marine

    - single celled

    - bioluminescent

    - two flagella

  • stramenopiles: diatoms (supergroup SAR clade)

    - unicellular

    - photosynthetic

    - cell wall made of silica

    -

  • stramenopiles: brown algae (supergroup SAR clade)

    - marine

    - cell walls composed of cellulose

    - photosynthesis

    - analogous with land plants

  • red algae (supergroup archaeplastida)

    - marine

    - multicellular

    - cell wall of cellulose

    - chlorophyll a. and phycoerythrin

  • chlorophytes (supergroup archaeplastida)

    - unicellular

    - colonial

    - filamentous-like

    - parenchymatous

  • charophytes (supergroup archaeplastida)

    - cellulose-synthesizing protein in plasma membrane

    - peroxisomes

    - process of forming new cell wall material via phargomoplasts

  • amoebozoans: slime moulds (supergroup unikonta)

    - "fungus-like" protists

    - multinucleated protoplasm

    - engulfs food via phagocytosis

  • amoebozoans: tubulinids (supergroup unikonta)

    - "animal-like" protists

    - move via pseudopodium

    - feed via phagocytosis

    - plasma membrane has adhesive properties

  • diplomonads (supergroup excavata)

    - anarobic environments

    - two equally sized nuclei

    - multiple flagella

    - lack plastids

    - modified mitochondria

  • parabasalids

    - reduced mitochondria

    - cause yeast infections

  • kinetoplastids (supergroup excavata)

    - single mitochondrion

    - some are parasitic

  • stramenopiles: golden algae (supergroup SAR clade)

    - named for their color

    - biflagellate

    - photosynthetic

  • alveolates: apicomplexans (supergroup SAR clade)

    - parasites of animals and human disease

    - spread sporozoites

    - the apex has complex organelles for penetrating host cells and tissues

  • Rhizarians: forams (supergroup SAR clade)

    - named for porous, generally multichambered shells called tests

    - pseudopodia extend through pores in the test

    - magnesium content in fossils are used to estimate changes in ocean temperatures over time