Alexander McGowan-Yeo (Alex)-
What are the three sections of the brain?
The Forebrain, The Midbrain, and The Hindbrain.
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What is the function of the forebrain?
Processing sensory information, helps with reasoning and problem solving, and regulates automatic endocrine [hormones] and motor functions.
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What is the function of the midbrain?
Helps regulate movement and process auditory and visual information.
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What is the function of the hindbrain?
Helps regulate anatomic functions, relay sensory information, coordinate movement and maintain balance/equilibrium.
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What does the forebrain consist of?
The cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus and limbic system.
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What does the cerebral cortex consist of?
The frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe.
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What is the frontal lobe associated with?
Reasoning, planning, parts of speech, movement, emotions, and problem solving.
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What is the parietal lobe associated with?
Movement, orientation, recognition, and perception of stimuli.
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What is the occipital associated with?
Visual processing. (Think oculus).
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What is the temporal lobe associated with?
Perception and recognition of auditory stiumuli, memory, and communication.
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What is the limbic system?
A number of structures that work together and are responsible for an animal's emotions and their response to those feelings.
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What are the main components of the limbic system?
Thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus.
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What does the thalamus control?
Pain receptors, movement, touch receptors, and temperature sensations.
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What does the hypothalamus control?
Hormone production (with the help of the pituitary gland), the ANS (autonomic nervous system), functional signals such as eating/drinking, and temperature regulation.
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What does the amygdala control?
Emotional behaviours.
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What does the hippocampus control?
Long term memory.
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What does the midbrain consist of?
Pons, medulla, and the reticular formation.
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What does the reticular formation do?
Extends through the midbrain and hindbrain and is responsible for sleep and waking/consciousness. It also processes visual and auditory information.
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What are the pons and medulla?
They are part of the brainstem and connected to the reticular formation. They belong to both the midbrain and the hindbrain.
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What does the hindbrain consist of?
The medulla, pons, and cerebellum.
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What does the medulla control?
Respiration, blood pressure, motor function, reflexes and involuntary actions such as sneezing, vomiting, coughing, etc.
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What does the pons do?
Controls respiration, and serves as a relay between medulla, cerebrum and cerebellum.
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What does the cerebellum control?
Balance, coordination, and locomotion.
