Stock market

Institutional investor is a term for entities which pool money to purchase securities, real property, and other investment assets or originate loans.

Securitization is the financial practice of pooling various types of contractual debt such as residential mortgages, commercial mortgages, auto loans or credit card debt obligations (or other non-debt assets which generate receivables) and selling their related cash flows to third party investors as securities, which may be described as bonds, pass-through securities, or collateralized debt obligations (CDOs).

In financial markets, a share is a unit of account for various investments.

In finance, short selling (also known as shorting or going short) is the practice of selling securities or other financial instruments that are not currently owned, and subsequently repurchasing them ("covering").

In finance, a contract for difference (CFD) is a contract between two parties, typically described as "buyer" and "seller", stipulating that the seller will pay to the buyer the difference between the current value of an asset and its value at contract time (if the difference is negative, then the buyer pays instead to the seller).

An exchange, or bourse /bʊərs/, is a highly organized market where (especially) tradable securities, commodities, foreign exchange, futures, and options contracts are sold and bought.

Investor Relations (IR) is a strategic management responsibility that is capable of integrating finance, communication, marketing and securities law compliance to enable the most effective two-way communication between a company, the financial community, and other constituencies, which ultimately contributes to a company's securities achieving fair valuation.

In economics and finance, arbitrage (US /ˈɑːrbᵻtrɑːʒ/, UK /ˈɑːbᵻtrɪdʒ/, UK /ˌɑːbᵻtrˈɑːʒ/) is the practice of taking advantage of a price difference between two or more markets: striking a combination of matching deals that capitalize upon the imbalance, the profit being the difference between the market prices.

The Black–Scholes /ˌblæk ˈʃoʊlz/ or Black–Scholes–Merton model is a mathematical model of a financial market containing derivative investment instruments.

Day trading is speculation in securities, specifically buying and selling financial instruments within the same trading day.

In finance, margin is collateral that the holder of a financial instrument has to deposit with a counterparty (most often their broker or an exchange) to cover some or all of the credit risk the holder poses for the counterparty.

A shell corporation is a company which serves as a vehicle for business transactions without itself having any significant assets or operations.

A ticker symbol or stock symbol is an abbreviation used to uniquely identify publicly traded shares of a particular stock on a particular stock market.

An electronic communication network (ECN) is a type of computerized forum or network that facilitates the trading of financial products outside traditional stock exchanges.

Electronic trading, sometimes called etrading, is a method of trading securities (such as stocks, and bonds), foreign exchange or financial derivatives electronically.

End of day (EOD), end of business (EOB), close of business (COB) or close of play (COP) is the end of the trading day in financial markets, the point when trading ceases.

Extended-hours trading is stock trading that happens either before or after the normal trading hours of a stock exchange, i.

A squeeze-out or squeezeout, sometimes synonymous with freeze-out (freezeout), is the compulsory sale of the shares of minority shareholders of a joint-stock company for which they receive a fair cash compensation.