Staining dyes

Methyl violet is a family of organic compounds that are mainly used as dyes.

Congo red is the sodium salt of 3,3′-([1,1′-biphenyl]-4,4′-diyl)bis(4-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid) (formula: C32H22N6Na2O6S2; molecular weight: 696.66 g/mol).

Ethidium bromide is an intercalating agent commonly used as a fluorescent tag (nucleic acid stain) in molecular biology laboratories for techniques such as agarose gel electrophoresis.

Malachite green is an organic compound that is used as a dyestuff and controversially as an antimicrobial in aquaculture.

Fluorescein (/flɔərˈɛsiᵻn/ or /flɔərˈɛsin/) is a synthetic organic compound available as a dark orange/red powder slightly soluble in water and alcohol.

Coomassie Brilliant Blue is the name of two similar triphenylmethane dyes that were developed for use in the textile industry but are now commonly used for staining proteins in analytical biochemistry.

Fuchsine (sometimes spelled fuchsin) or rosaniline hydrochloride is a magenta dye with chemical formula C20H19N3·HCl.

Bromodeoxyuridine (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine, BrdU, BUdR, BrdUrd) is a synthetic nucleoside that is an analog of thymidine.

Auramine O is a diarylmethane dye used as a fluorescent stain.

Osmium tetroxide (also osmium(VIII) oxide) is the chemical compound with the formula OsO4.

Brilliant Green is one of the triarylmethane dyes.

Sudan Red 7B, also known as Solvent Red 19, Ceres Red 7B, Fat Red 7B, Hexatype carmine B, Lacquer red V3B, Oil violet, Organol bordeaux B, Sudanrot 7B, Typogen carmine, and C.

Ponceau 2R, Xylidine ponceau, Ponceau G, Red R, Acid Red 26, Food Red 5, or C.

The dye Ethyl Green ( C.I. 42590; C27H35N3ClBr is a triarylmethane dye. It is soluble in water. Its CAS number is 7114-03-6 and its SMILES structure is C/[N+](C)=C (C=C3)/C=C\C3=C (C2=CC=C([N+](C) (CC)C)C=C2)/C1=C C=C(N(C)C)C=C1. Ethyl green is made of crystal violet by adding an ethyl group; crystal violet is therefore a possible contaminant. Methyl green is a closely related dye used as a stain in histology. Methyl green and ethyl green are very similar and probably interchangeable.

Acridine yellow, also known as acridine yellow G, acridine yellow H107, basic yellow K, and 3,6-diamino-2,7-dimethylacridine, is a yellow dye with strong bluish-green fluorescence.

7-Aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) is a fluorescent chemical compound with a strong affinity for DNA.

Acid fuchsin is an acidic dye that has wide use in histology.

Sudan Black B (C29H24N6) is a nonfluorescent, relatively thermostable lysochrome (fat-soluble dye) diazo dye used for staining of neutral triglycerides and lipids on frozen sections and some lipoproteins on paraffin sections.

SYBR Safe is a cyanine dye used as a nucleic acid stain in molecular biology.

GelGreen is an intercalating nucleic acid stain used in molecular biology for agarose gel electrophoresis.

Light Green SF yellowish, or Light Green, Acid Green, Lissamine green SF, Acid Green 5, Food Green 2, FD&C Green no.

Oil Blue 35 is a blue anthraquinone dye used for colouring alcoholic and hydrocarbon based solvents, including oils, fats, and waxes.

Oil Red O (Solvent Red 27, Sudan Red 5B, C.I. 26125, C26H24N4O) is a lysochrome (fat-soluble dye) diazo dye used for staining of neutral triglycerides and lipids on frozen sections and some lipoproteins on paraffin sections.

DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) is a fluorescent stain that binds strongly to A-T rich regions in DNA.

Haematoxylin or hematoxylin (/ˌhiːməˈtɒksᵻlᵻn/), also called natural black 1 or C.

Sudan III is a lysochrome (fat-soluble dye) diazo dye.

Pyranine is a hydrophilic, pH-sensitive fluorescent dye from the group of chemicals known as arylsulfonates.

Texas Red or sulforhodamine 101 acid chloride is a red fluorescent dye, used in histology for staining cell specimens, for sorting cells with fluorescent-activated cell sorting machines, in fluorescence microscopy applications, and in immunohistochemistry.

Red 2G is a synthetic red azo dye.

Janus Green B is a basic dye and vital stain used in histology.

p-Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMACA) is an aromatic hydrocarbon.

Alcian blue or alcian blue (/ˈælʃən/) is any member of a family of polyvalent basic dyes, of which the Alcian blue 8G (also called Ingrain blue 1, and C.I. 74240, formerly called Alcian blue 8GX from the name of a batch of an ICI product) has been historically the most common and the most reliable member.

Quinoline Yellow SS is a bright yellow dye with green shade.

Silver nitrate is an inorganic compound with chemical formula AgNO3.

Hematein (US spelling) or haematein is an oxidized derivative of haematoxylin, used in staining.

Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) is a derivative of fluorescein used in wide-ranging applications including flow cytometry.

Fast Green FCF, also called Food green 3, FD&C Green No.

Orange G or orange gelb is a synthetic azo dye used in histology in many staining formulations.

GelRed is an intercalating nucleic acid stain used in molecular biology for agarose gel electrophoresis.

Sudan IV (C24H20N4O) is a lysochrome (fat-soluble dye) diazo dye used for the staining of lipids, triglycerides and lipoproteins on frozen paraffin sections.

Rhodamine 6G /ˈroʊdəmiːn/ is a highly fluorescent rhodamine family dye.

Rhodamine 123 /ˈroʊdəmiːn/ is a chemical compound and a dye.

Crystal violet or gentian violet (also known as methyl violet 10B or hexamethyl pararosaniline chloride) is a triarylmethane dye used as a histological stain and in Gram's method of classifying bacteria.

Victoria blue BO, also known as C.

Water blue, also known as aniline blue, Acid blue 22, Soluble Blue 3M, Marine Blue V, or C.

Methyl blue is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C37H27N3Na2O9S3.

SYBR Green I (SG) is an asymmetrical cyanine dye used as a nucleic acid stain in molecular biology.

The inorganic dye ammoniated ruthenium oxychloride, also known as ruthenium red, is used in histology to stain aldehyde fixed mucopolysaccharides.

Propidium iodide (or PI) is an intercalating agent and a fluorescent molecule with a molecular mass of 668.

Rhodamine B /ˈroʊdəmiːn/ is a chemical compound and a dye.

5-Ethynyl-2´-deoxyuridine (EdU) is a thymidine analogue which is incorporated into the DNA of dividing cells and is used to assay DNA synthesis in cell culture.

DiI, pronounced like Dye Aye, also known as DiIC18(3), is a fluorescent lipophilic cationic indocarbocyanine dye which is usually made as a perchlorate salt.

Ponceau 6R, or Crystal ponceau 6R, Crystal scarlet, Brilliant crystal scarlet 6R, Acid Red 44, or C.