soc 2 exam

groups in which socialization takes place

- family, school, peer groups, mass media, workplace

processes of socialization in which a person rehearses for future positions, occupations, and social relationships

an aspect of the socialization process within some total institutions, in which people are subjected to humiliating rituals

the division of an individuals identity into two or more social realities

a view of social interaction, in which people are seen as theatrical performers

the efforts people make to maintain the proper image and avoid public embarrassment

expectations regarding the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of men and women

term by George Herbert Mead

- the attitudes, viewpoints, and expectations of society as a whole that a child takes into account in their behavior

a concept used by Charles Horton Cooley that emphasizes the self as the product of our social interactions

the process of discarding former behavior patterns and accepting new ones as part of a transition in ones life

a ritual marking the symbolic transition from one social position to another

the process of mentally assuming the perspective of another and responding from that imagined viewpoint

a distinct identity that sets us apart from others

preparatory, play, game

a term used by George Herbert Mead

- an individual who is most important in the development of the self, such as a parent, friend, or teacher

lifelong process by which people learn the attitudes, values, and behaviors appropriate for members of their particular culture

an institution that regulates all aspects of a persons life under a single authority, such as a prison, the military, a mental hospital, or a convent

advanced the belief that we learn who we are by interacting with others

- looking-glass self

recognized for his theory of the social self

- the self generalized other

-psychoanalysis

child imitates the actions of others

when adults laugh and smile, child laughs and smiles

child takes the role of a single other, as if the child were the other

child first takes the role of doctor, then the role of patient

child considers the roles of two or more others simultaneously

in game of hide-and-seek, child takes into account the roles of both hider and seeker

a social position that a person attains largely through their own efforts

a condition of estrangement or dissociation from surrounding society

a social position assigned to a person by society without regard for the persons unique talents or characteristics

a component of formal organization that uses rules and hierarchical ranking to achieve efficiency

the process by which a group, organization, or social movement becomes increasingly bureaucratic

a close-knit community, often found in rural areas, in which strong personal bonds unite members

- social interactions are intimate and familiar

a community, often urban, that is large and impersonal, with little commitment to the group or consensus on values

-social interactions are likely to be impersonal and task-specific

any number of people with similar norms, values, and expectations who interact with one another on a regular basis

a construct or model for evaluating specific cases

any group or category which people feel they belong

a staus that dominates others and thereby determines a persons general position in society

a collective consciousness that emphasizes group solidarity, characteristics of societies with minimal division of labor

a collective consciousness that rests on mutal interdependence, characteristics of societies with a complex division of labor

a group or category to which people feel they do not belong

a small group characterized by intimate, face-to-face association and cooperation

- long duration

- some emotional depth to relationships

any group that individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their own behaviors

the situation that occurs when incompatible expectations arise from two or more social positions held by the same person

the difficulty that arises when the same social position imposes conflicting demands and expectations

a formal, impersonal group in which there is little social intimacy or mutual understanding

- short duration

- relationships are generally superficial

an organized pattern of beliefs and behavior centered on basic social needs

a set of expectations for peolpe who occpy a given social position or status

the way in which a society is organized into predictable relationships

term used by sociologists to refer to any of the full range of socially defined positions within a large group or society

social groups in which socialization takes place

Isabelles mother had been present during her early years

physical development, psychological development, social development

much reduced compared to children raised by parents

- gatekeeping

- media monitoring

- construction of reality

- digital divide

a period of maladjustment when the nonmaterial culture is still struggling to adapt to new material conditions

the relative lack of access to the latest technologies among low-income groups, racial and ethnic minorities, rural residents, and the citizens of developing countries

a set of cultural beliefs and practices that help maintain powerful social, economic, and political interests

-misrepresentation of women

- underrepresented in media production and leadership roles

- medias portrayal contributes to body image issues, mental health challenges

- socialization

- enforce social norms

- confer status

-promote consumption

- narcotizing effect

the process by which a relatively small number of people in the media industry control what material eventually reaches the audience

reporting that is highly local and typically internet-based

the practice of buying more than we need or want, and often more than we can afford; a preoccupation of postmodern consumers

a social media user who has established credibility in a specific industry, such as fashion or electronics

the collective benefit of social networks, which are built on reciprocal trust

print and electronic means of communication that carry messages to widespread audiences

- message is a generic term for content

- not literal text messages

the phenomenon in which media provide such massive amounts of coverage that the audience becomes numb and fails to act on the information, regardless of how compelling the issue

websites and online applications that enable people to create and share content or to participate in social networking

an unreliable generalization about all members of a group that does not recognize individual differences within the group

a new way of promoting consumption, advertisers can find consumers online and attempt to develop a two-way relationship with them there

resocialization

shave their heads, give them new names, give them uniforms

yes

- goal to change people

- a place of residence and work

- a large number of people

- cut off from the wider society for a long time

-enclosed

- formally administered

strip away existing social self and replace with better social self

- it tells us how someone else may act or expect to be treated

- it tells us how we ourselves should act and expect to be treated

roles

powerful education took

- enforcement of social norms

- promotion of consumption

right to do whatever you want as radio/tv owner

responsibility to rest of public due to mass media, limited resource

- movies, TV/streaming, video games

- casual relationship unclear

- makes us less sensitive to violence

- Hollywood, advertising

financial advantage: does media information allow people to manipulate financial markets?

facebook and instagram

- increasingly, socialization occurs online

- powerful educational tool

1 (as long as caregivers "co-views")