What happened in 1959?
The Baath Party attempted assassination of the Iraqi President Abdul Rahman Arif but failed.
What is the leading principle of the Baath Party?
Arab Nationalism, to take back control of Arab's culture from the imperials and unite the Arab states in the Middle East.
When was the President Abdul Rahman Arif deposed?
17 July 1978
Which member of the Baath party succeeded the Presidency after the coup?
Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr as President and Saddam Hussein as Vice-President.
How did Saddam establish a strong power base within the government?
Nepotism for (Major positions in gov and military).
For example, the positions in the security service (appointed by him) were given to people who supported him as an individual, making him the only feasible replacement.
Enticing the army with plenty of money for development and research.
Terror and Repression.
What cause the influx of money to the economy which benefited Saddam political career?
Nationalisation of Iraq's oil in 1972
Where did all the oil money go in Iraq?
Education, healthcare, road water and power infrastructure.
When did Iraq join OPEC.
1973.
Why OPEC exist?
To control oil prices and reap the most benefit from their oil.
They can also have a say over those who use their oil, i.e. oil embargo on Western countries due to their support of Israel in the Yom Kippur War.
Why people supported Saddam
Social and economic policies improved quality of life.
Ensured the support of the new class of businessman who worked with in industries that were being developed
Opportunities favours party members. (Clubs and institutions)
List Saddam's tactic to become Iraq's President
Establish strong power base in Iraq's party
Support from the population which enjoyed a wealthy lifestyle under his rule
Terror and Repression against enemies
Terror and Repression under Saddam
Mukhabarat (Secret police) capture, torture, assassinate, intimidate enemies of the state.
The People's army (paramilitary win of the Baath Party) ensured the Iraqi army couldn't overthrow the party.