Respiratory diseases

Berylliosis, or chronic beryllium disease (CBD), is a chronic allergic-type lung response and chronic lung disease caused by exposure to beryllium and its compounds, a form of beryllium poisoning.

Respiratory failure results from inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, meaning that the arterial oxygen, carbon dioxide or both cannot be kept at normal levels.

Laryngotracheal stenosis refers to abnormal narrowing of the central air passageways.

Mediastinitis is inflammation of the tissues in the mid-chest, or mediastinum.

Asphyxia or asphyxiation is a condition of severely deficient supply of oxygen to the body that arises from abnormal breathing.

Upper respiratory tract infections (URI or URTI) are illnesses caused by an acute infection which involves the upper respiratory tract including the nose, sinuses, pharynx or larynx.

Hemoptysis or haemoptysis is the act of coughing up blood or blood-stained mucus from the bronchi, larynx, trachea, or lungs.

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (also known as Pickwickian syndrome) is a condition in which severely overweight people fail to breathe rapidly enough or deeply enough, resulting in low blood oxygen levels and high blood carbon dioxide (CO2) levels.

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), also known as camel flu, is a viral respiratory infection caused by the MERS-coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

Sarcoidosis is a disease involving abnormal collections of inflammatory cells that form lumps known as granulomas.

Atelectasis is the collapse or closure of a lung resulting in reduced or absent gas exchange.

Bronchiectasis is a disease in which there is permanent enlargement of parts of the airways of the lung.

Hamman's syndrome, also known as Macklin's syndrome, is a syndrome of spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema (air in the subcutaneous tissues of the skin) and pneumomediastinum (air in the mediastinum, the center of the chest cavity), sometimes associated with pain and, less commonly, dyspnea (difficulty breathing), dysphonia, and a low-grade fever.

Tracheitis is an inflammation of the trachea.

This article concerns nasal congestion as a symptom.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), also known as Osler–Weber–Rendu disease and Osler–Weber–Rendu syndrome, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that leads to abnormal blood vessel formation in the skin, mucous membranes, and often in organs such as the lungs, liver, and brain.

Psittacosis — also known as parrot fever, and ornithosis — is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Chlamydophila psittaci and contracted from infected parrots, such as macaws, cockatiels and budgerigars, and pigeons, sparrows, ducks, hens, gulls and many other species of bird.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), also immotile ciliary syndrome or Kartagener syndrome, is a rare, ciliopathic, autosomal recessive genetic disorder that causes defects in the action of cilia lining the respiratory tract (lower and upper, sinuses, Eustachian tube, middle ear) and fallopian tube, as well as in the flagella of sperm cells.

Airway obstruction is a blockage of respiration in the airway.

Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a disease that results in obstruction of the smallest airways of the lungs (bronchioles) due to inflammation.

Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), also called neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome of newborn, or increasingly surfactant deficiency disorder (SDD), and previously called hyaline membrane disease (HMD), is a syndrome in premature infants caused by developmental insufficiency of pulmonary surfactant production and structural immaturity in the lungs.

Oxygen toxicity is a condition resulting from the harmful effects of breathing molecular oxygen (O2) at increased partial pressures.

Subcutaneous emphysema is when gas or air is in the layer under the skin.

Hyperventilation occurs when the rate and quantity of alveolar ventilation of carbon dioxide exceeds the body's production of carbon dioxide.

Pulmonary edema is fluid accumulation in the air spaces and parenchyma of the lungs.

Pleural empyema, also known as pyothorax or purulent pleuritis, is empyema (an accumulation of pus) in the pleural cavity that can develop when bacteria invade the pleural space, usually in the context of a pneumonia.

A pulmonary consolidation is a region of (normally compressible) lung tissue that has filled with liquid, a condition marked by induration (swelling or hardening of normally soft tissue) of a normally aerated lung.

Intrauterine hypoxia occurs when the fetus is deprived of an adequate supply of oxygen.

Reactive airway disease is a group of conditions that include reversible airway narrowing due to an external stimulation.

Baritosis is a benign type of pneumoconiosis, which is caused by long-term exposure to barium dust.

Yellow nail syndrome, also known as "primary lymphedema associated with yellow nails and pleural effusion," is a very rare medical syndrome that includes pleural effusions, lymphedema (due to under development of the lymphatic vessels) and yellow dystrophic nails.

In transfusion medicine, transfusion associated circulatory overload (TACO) is a transfusion reaction (an adverse effect of blood transfusion) that occurs due to a rapid transfusion of a large volume of blood.

Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is an inflammatory lung disease of unknown cause.

Perinatal asphyxia, neonatal asphyxia or birth asphyxia is the medical condition resulting from deprivation of oxygen to a newborn infant that lasts long enough during the birth process to cause physical harm, usually to the brain.

Kennel cough (also known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis) is an upper respiratory infection affecting dogs.

Mediastinal fibrosis most common cause is idiopathic mediastinal fibrosis; less commonly histoplasmosis tuberculosis or unknown.

Pneumomediastinum (from Greek pneuma - "air", also known as mediastinal emphysema) is pneumatosis (abnormal presence of air or other gas) in the mediastinum.

Central hypoventilation syndrome (CHS) is a respiratory disorder that results in respiratory arrest during sleep.

Polymer fume fever or fluoropolymer fever, also informally called Teflon flu, is an inhalation fever caused by the fumes released when polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, known under the trade name Teflon) reaches temperatures of 300 °F (149 °C) to 450 °F (232 °C).

Respiratory tract infection refers to any of a number of infectious diseases involving the respiratory tract.