Refractory materials

Tantalum hafnium carbide is a refractory chemical compound with a general formula TaxHfy-xCy, which can be considered as a solid solution of tantalum carbide and hafnium carbide.

Thorium dioxide (ThO2), also called thorium(IV) oxide, is a crystalline solid, often white or yellow in color.

Aluminium oxide is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al2O3.

Asbestos is a set of six naturally occurring silicate minerals, which all have in common their eponymous asbestiform habit: long (roughly 1:20 aspect ratio), thin fibrous crystals, with each visible fiber composed of millions of microscopic "fibrils" that can be released by abrasion and other processes.

Calcium oxide (CaO), commonly known as quicklime or burnt lime, is a widely used chemical compound.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure.

Magnesium oxide (MgO), or magnesia, is a white hygroscopic solid mineral that occurs naturally as periclase and is a source of magnesium (see also oxide).

Silicon dioxide, also known as silica (from the Latin silex), is a chemical compound that is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula SiO2.

Chromite is an iron chromium oxide: FeCr2O4.

Silicon carbide (SiC), also known as carborundum /kɑːrbəˈrʌndəm/, is a compound of silicon and carbon with chemical formula SiC.

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2), sometimes known as zirconia (not to be confused with zircon), is a white crystalline oxide of zirconium.

Molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2, or molybdenum silicide), an intermetallic compound, a silicide of molybdenum, is a refractory ceramic with primary use in heating elements.

Beryllium nitride, Be3N2, is a nitride of beryllium.

Chromium carbide is a ceramic compound that exists in several different chemical compositions: Cr3C2, Cr7C3,and Cr23C6.

Titanium carbide, TiC, is an extremely hard (Mohs 9–9.5) refractory ceramic material, similar to tungsten carbide.

Tungsten silicide (WSi2) is an inorganic compound, a silicide of tungsten.

Vanadium carbide is the inorganic compound with the formula VC.

Zirconium carbide (ZrC) is an extremely hard refractory ceramic material, commercially used in tool bits for cutting tools.

Zirconium silicate, also zirconium orthosilicate, (ZrSiO4) is a chemical compound, a silicate of zirconium.

Lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6, also called lanthanum boride and LaB) is an inorganic chemical, a boride of lanthanum.

Tantalum carbides form a family of binary chemical compounds of tantalum and carbon with the empirical formula TaCx, where x usually varies between 0.

Cubic zirconia (CZ) is the cubic crystalline form of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2).

Magnesite is a mineral with the chemical formula MgCO3 (magnesium carbonate).

Zircon (pronunciation: /ˈzɜːrkɒn/ or /ˈzɜːrkən/;) is a mineral belonging to the group of nesosilicates.

Niobium carbide (NbC and Nb2C) is an extremely hard refractory ceramic material, commercially used in tool bits for cutting tools.

Zirconium nitride (ZrN) is an inorganic compound used in a variety of ways due to its properties.

Panguite is a type of titanium oxide mineral first discovered as an inclusion within the Allende meteorite, and first described in 2012.

Cerium hexaboride (CeB6, also called cerium boride, CeBix, CEBIX, and (incorrectly) CeB) is an inorganic chemical, a boride of cerium.

Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is a ceramic in which the crystal structure of zirconium dioxide is made stable at room temperature by an addition of yttrium oxide.