2019-10-30T14:04:37+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true Legislative Branch, bicameral, Congress, Executive Branch, cabinet, Judicial Branch, Supreme Court Justice, checks and balances, checks and balances (role of President), checks and balances (role of Congress), checks and balances (role of Supreme Court), state government, state executive branch, state legislative branch, state judicial branch, where do Bills often start?, what are the President's 2 choices when it comes to bills?, What happens when the President vetoes the bill?, what is a public policy?, governmental agenda, decision agenda, who are the participants in public policy process from within the government?, agenda setting, alternative generation, who are the participants in the public policy process from outside government, where can policy ideas come from?, what is legislative intent?, interest groups role in policy making, media role in policy making, elections role in policy making, Comprehensive rational decision making 6 step model, bounded rationality, incrementalism, garbage can model, 3 streams model, indicators, what are focusing events?, what is feedback?, why do problems fade?, problem v. condition, 6 criteria for assessing a public policy (Greenberg article), a public policy communication is more likely to be useful if:, the 4 C's (4 measures of excellence), role of academia in policy process, role of public opinion in policy process, role of president in policy process, role of congress in policy process, resources/advantages for civil servants, capitol hill resources flashcards
Public Policy test questions

Public Policy test questions

Customize
collection saved
Share
Long Term Learning Spaced Repetition
Add to Long Term Learning Desk
Fast learning Repeat this set of flashcards
Preview Test Spell
Play
Match
Review
  • Legislative Branch
    makes the laws bicameral legislature
  • bicameral
    having 2 branches
  • Congress
    Senate - 100 (2 per state); elected every 6 years House of Rep - 435 (1 per 750,000 people per state); elected every 2 years
  • Executive Branch
    carries out/ enforces law consists of president, VP, and cabinet
  • cabinet
    appointed by president but can be rejected by Congress
  • Judicial Branch
    interprets laws consists of supreme court
  • Supreme Court Justice
    nominated by president, subject to senate confirmation, serve for life, there are 9 justices (one whom is chief justice)
  • checks and balances
    ensures no branch becomes too powerful
  • checks and balances (role of President)
    can veto legislation created by congress
  • checks and balances (role of Congress)
    can confirm/ reject President's nominees
  • checks and balances (role of Supreme Court)
    can deem laws unconstitutional
  • state government
    each state has an executive, legislative, and judicial branch headquartered in the state capitol
  • state executive branch
    governor and cabinet
  • state legislative branch
    state senators and representatives
  • state judicial branch
    court system with highest being state supreme court
  • where do Bills often start?
    in the House of Reps but can also start in the Senate or even have 2 versions of the bill going through both the House and Senate at the same time
  • what are the President's 2 choices when it comes to bills?
    either sign it so it can become a law or veto it
  • What happens when the President vetoes the bill?
    Congress can either: change the bill to the President's liking; agree it can never pass and reject it; vote to override veto with 2/3 members vote
  • what is a public policy?
    set of processes including at least: 1. setting of agenda 2. specification of alternatives from which a choice is to be made 3. authoritative choice among specified alternatives 4. implementation of decision
  • governmental agenda
    list of topics and concerns getting attention by the government and those associated with them
  • decision agenda
    problem that is so pressing and it is now time for something to be done about it
  • who are the participants in public policy process from within the government?
    administration civil servants congress/ capitol hill
  • agenda setting
    list of issues and problems that people in/outside the government are interested in addressing
  • alternative generation
    making many solutions to a problem
  • who are the participants in the public policy process from outside government
    interest groups academics/research community media elections political parties public opinion
  • where can policy ideas come from?
    anywhere
  • what is legislative intent?
    motivation behind bills being passed
  • interest groups role in policy making
    mostly block proposals that hurt their interests
  • media role in policy making
    communicator of ideas/processes/alternatives/agendas between different players
  • elections role in policy making
    effect agenda rather than alternatives
  • Comprehensive rational decision making 6 step model
    1. problem identification/understanding 2. canvas for alternative ways to address the problem 3. evaluate the various alternatives (benefits > costs) 4. choose the best alternative based on above evaluation 5. implement chosen alternative 6. monitor implementation and get feedback
  • bounded rationality
    idea that we cannot understand (when talking about policy) everything about a problem because we don't have access to all the data about the problem to learn everything about it
  • incrementalism
    policy changes occur in discrete but yet connected steps; small steps so it is not going from point A (identification) to point B (solution) -- not a straight line to a solution but instead if you go from identification to where you have a handle on addressing it that it is not a straight line it is an incremental process where small changes are made
  • garbage can model
    irrational model of decision-making, which assumes that problems, solutions and participants are disconnected and exist as separate organizational streams
  • 3 streams model
    multiple streams that when they finally align create a window of opportunity for change; developed from the garbage can model
  • indicators
    used to assess magnitude of a problem and make decision makers aware of changes in a problem; statistics and studies
  • what are focusing events?
    beyond people's control; bigger than all of us (earthquakes)
  • what is feedback?
    might tell us to change policies that are already in place; situations like "is this policy really addressing the problem? how is it effecting other people? how was money allocated?"
  • why do problems fade?
    programming/funding was passed it was never really solved optimism fades other problems supersede it
  • problem v. condition
    this is a problem of perception; the difference is subjective ex: poverty right wing thinks condition; left wing thinks problem
  • 6 criteria for assessing a public policy (Greenberg article)
    1. likely reaction of government officials and their staffs 2. likely reaction of nongovernmental actors: public, special interest groups, nonprofits, businesses, media 3. how will it impact/ benefit human health and ecology? 4. what are the short and long term economic costs and benefits? 5. what is the moral imperative that compels us to act? 6. is the option flexible and responsible to time pressure
  • a public policy communication is more likely to be useful if:
    it addresses a specific audience about a specific problem has a purpose related to a specific policy action represents authority accurately uses the appropriate form and is designed for use
  • the 4 C's (4 measures of excellence)
    clarity correctness conciseness credibility
  • role of academia in policy process
    alternative generation and long term solutions
  • role of public opinion in policy process
    agenda setting; usually constrains policies
  • role of president in policy process
    agenda setting; decision making; command of the public attention
  • role of congress in policy process
    alternative generation; come up with ways to satisfy president and the people
  • resources/advantages for civil servants
    longevity; expertise in dealing with interest groups; have a set relationship with congress and interest groups
  • capitol hill resources
    legal authority; formidable publicity; blended information