Proteins

Tryptophan repressor (or trp repressor) is a transcription factor involved in controlling amino acid metabolism.

A gap junction may also be called a nexus or macula communicans.

Ribonuclease inhibitor (RI) is a large (~450 residues, ~49 kDa), acidic (pI ~4.7), leucine-rich repeat protein that forms extremely tight complexes with certain ribonucleases.

Ataxin 7 is a protein associated with both olivopontocerebellar atrophy type 3 (OPCA3) and spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7).

Progressive rod-cone degeneration is a protein in humans that is encoded by the PRCD gene.

The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily is a large family of structurally related cell regulatory proteins that was named after its first member, TGF-β1, originally described in 1983.

Gelatin or gelatine (from Latin: gelatus meaning "stiff", "frozen") is a translucent, colorless, brittle (when dry), flavorless food derived from collagen obtained from various animal raw materials.

Not to be confused with Tautopathy, which is a controversial alternative medicine practice similar to Homeopathy.

The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a protein composed of 238 amino acid residues (26.9 kDa) that exhibits bright green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, also known as BDNF, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the BDNF gene.

Myelin basic protein (MBP) is a protein believed to be important in the process of myelination of nerves in the nervous system.

Angiogenin (Ang) also known as ribonuclease 5 is a small 123 amino acid protein that in humans is encoded by the ANG gene.

Transforming growth factor beta 1 or TGF-β1 is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines.

Neuronal migration protein doublecortin, also known as doublin or lissencephalin-X is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DCX gene.

Cystatin C or cystatin 3 (formerly gamma trace, post-gamma-globulin or neuroendocrine basic polypeptide), a protein encoded by the CST3 gene, is mainly used as a biomarker of kidney function.

Apolipoprotein C2 or apolipoprotein C-II is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APOC2 gene.

DUF1220 is a protein domain of unknown function that shows a striking human lineage-specific (HLS) increase in copy number and may be important to human brain evolution.

Archain is a protein located on chromosome 11.

Barstar is a small protein synthesized by the bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

Disintegrins are a family of small proteins (45–84 amino acids in length) from viper venoms that function as potent inhibitors of both platelet aggregation and integrin-dependent cell adhesion.

Orexin, also called hypocretin, is a neuropeptide that regulates arousal, wakefulness, and appetite.

Clathrin is a protein that plays a major role in the formation of coated vesicles.

Ferredoxins (from Latin ferrum: iron + redox, often abbreviated "fd") are iron-sulfur proteins that mediate electron transfer in a range of metabolic reactions.

Single-stranded binding proteins (not to be confused with the E. coli protein, Single-strand DNA-binding protein, SSB) are a class of proteins that have been identified in both viruses and organisms from bacteria to humans.

Metallothionein (MT) is a family of cysteine-rich, low molecular weight (MW ranging from 500 to 14000 Da) proteins.

The drug aprotinin (Trasylol, previously Bayer and now Nordic Group pharmaceuticals), is the small protein bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI), an antifibrinolytic molecule that inhibits trypsin and related proteolytic enzymes.

Nucleoproteins are any proteins that are structurally associated with nucleic acids, either DNA or RNA.

Chlorotoxin is a 36-amino acid peptide found in the venom of the deathstalker scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus) which blocks small-conductance chloride channels.

Syntaxins are a family of membrane integrated Q-SNARE proteins participating in exocytosis.

Phycoerythrin (PE) is a red protein-pigment complex from the light-harvesting phycobiliprotein family, present in red algae and cryptophytes, accessory to the main chlorophyll pigments responsible for photosynthesis.

Cyclins are a family of proteins that control the progression of cells through the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) enzymes.

Intermediate filaments (IFs) are cytoskeletal components found in the cells of vertebrate animal species, and perhaps also in other animals, fungi, plants, and unicellular organisms.

Laccases (EC 1.10.3.2) are copper-containing oxidase enzymes that are found in many plants, fungi, and microorganisms.

Protein G is an immunoglobulin-binding protein expressed in group C and G Streptococcal bacteria much like Protein A but with differing binding specificities.

Cathepsins (Ancient Greek kata- "down" and hepsein "boil"; abbreviated CTS) are proteases (enzymes that degrade proteins) found in all animals as well as other organisms.

Micrococcal Nuclease (EC 3.1.31.1, S7 Nuclease, MNase, spleen endonuclease, thermonuclease, nuclease T, micrococcal endonuclease, nuclease T', staphylococcal nuclease, spleen phosphodiesterase, Staphylococcus aureus nuclease, Staphylococcus aureus nuclease B, ribonucleate (deoxynucleate) 3'-nucleotidohydrolase) is an endo-exonuclease that preferentially digests single-stranded nucleic acids.

Neurexin (NRXN) is a presynaptic protein that helps to connect neurons at the synapse.

Neuroligin (NLGN), a type I membrane protein, is a cell adhesion protein on the postsynaptic membrane that mediates the formation and maintenance of synapses between neurons.

Delta endotoxins (δ-endotoxins, also called Cry and Cyt toxins) are pore-forming toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis species of bacteria.

A desmosine cross-link is formed from three allysyl side chains plus one unaltered lysyl side chain from the same or neighbouring polypeptides.

Single-strand DNA-binding protein (SSB) is a protein, 178 amino acids long, found in Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria, that binds to single-stranded regions of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Recoverin is a 23 kilodalton (kDa) neuronal calcium-binding protein that is primarily detected in the photoreceptor cells of the eye.

Repulsive Guidance Molecules (RGMs) are members of a three gene family (in vertebrates) composed of RGMa, RGMb, and RGMc (also called hemojuvelin).

Ribosome Recycling Factor (RRF) is a protein found in bacterial cells as well as eukaryotic organelles, specifically mitochondria and chloroplasts.

Kelch proteins (and Kelch-like proteins) are a widespread group of proteins that contain multiple Kelch motifs.

Flavoproteins are proteins that contain a nucleic acid derivative of riboflavin: the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) or flavin mononucleotide (FMN).

Oleosins are structural proteins found in vascular plant oil bodies and in plant cells.

WormBase is an online biological database about the biology and genome of the nematode model organism Caenorhabditis elegans and contains information about other related nematodes.

Proteorhodopsin (also known as pRhodopsin) is a family of over 50 photoactive retinylidene proteins, a larger family of transmembrane proteins that use retinal as a chromophore for light-mediated functionality, in this case, a proton pump.

The Methanosarcinales S-layer Tile Protein (MSTP) is a protein family found almost exclusively in Methanomicrobia members of the order Methanosarcinales.

The BH3 interacting-domain death agonist, or BID, gene is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 protein family.

NK2 homeobox 1 (NKX2-1), also known as thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the NKX2-1 gene.

Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA, or phytohemagglutinin) is a lectin found in plants, especially certain legumes.

PEN-2 (presenilin enhancer 2) is a protein that is a regulatory component of the gamma secretase complex, a protease complex responsible for proteolysis of transmembrane proteins such as the Notch protein and amyloid precursor protein (APP).

Snf3 is a protein which regulates glucose uptake in yeast.

Sorting nexins are a large group of proteins that are localized in the cytoplasm and have the potential for membrane association either through their lipid-binding PX domain (a phospholipid-binding motif) or through protein–protein interactions with membrane-associated protein complexes Some members of this family have been shown to facilitate protein sorting.

Septins are a group of GTP-binding proteins found primarily in eukaryotic cells of fungi and animals, but also in some green algae.

Frequency (frq) is a gene that encodes the frequency protein (FRQ) found in the Neurospora crassa circadian clock.

Fibrocystin is a large, receptor-like protein that is thought to be involved in the tubulogenesis and/or maintenance of duct-lumen architecture of epithelium.

Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the HAP1 gene.

Fascin is an actin cross-linking protein.

The high-affinity IgE receptor, also known as FcεRI, or Fc epsilon RI, is the high-affinity receptor for the Fc region of immunoglobulin E (IgE), an antibody isotype involved in the allergy disorder and parasites immunity.

OSM-9 also known as OSMotic avoidance abnormal family member 9 is a protein which in the nematode worm C.

In histology, osteoid is the unmineralized, organic portion of the bone matrix that forms prior to the maturation of bone tissue.

Ku is a dimeric protein complex that binds to DNA double-strand break ends and is required for the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway of DNA repair.

Cyclin D is a member of the cyclin protein family that is involved in regulating cell cycle progression.

The TATA-binding protein (TBP) is a general transcription factor that binds specifically to a DNA sequence called the TATA box.

Paxillin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PXN gene.

The Bcl-2-associated death promoter (BAD) protein is a pro-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 gene family which is involved in initiating apoptosis.

Carboxypeptidase E (CPE), also known as carboxypeptidase H (CPH) and convertase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CPE gene This enzyme catalyzes the release of C-terminal arginine or lysine residues from polypeptides.

SABIO-RK (System for the Analysis of Biochemical Pathways - Reaction Kinetics) is a web-accessible database storing information about biochemical reactions and their kinetic properties.

Calbindin refers to several calcium-binding proteins.

Cyclin A is a member of the cyclin family, a group of proteins that function in regulating progression through the cell cycle.

Cyclin B is a member of the cyclin family.

Protein L was first isolated from the surface of bacterial species Peptostreptococcus magnus and was found to bind immunoglobulins through L chain interaction, from which the name was suggested.

Pyridinoline, also known as Hydroxylysylpyridinoline, is a fluorescent cross-linking compound of collagen fibers.

Transcription factor IIF (TFIIF) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex.

Oprozomib (codenamed ONX 0912 and PR-047) is an orally active second-generation proteasome inhibitor developed by Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen subsidiary.

Carboxypeptidase A usually refers to the pancreatic exopeptidase that hydrolyzes peptide bonds of C-terminal residues with aromatic or aliphatic side-chains.

Cyclin E2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNE2 gene.

Chordin is a bone morphogenetic protein antagonist composed of four small cysteine-rich domains, whose function is not known.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) refers to two highly related proteins, STAT5A and STAT5B, which are part of the seven-membered STAT family of proteins.

Transcription factor II E (TFIIE) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex.

List of proteins contains large amounts of information concerning genes and proteins.

Cdh1 is one of the substrate adaptor protein of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

APH-1 (anterior pharynx-defective 1) is a protein gene product originally identified in the Notch signaling pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans as a regulator of the cell-surface localization of nicastrin.

Calponin is a calcium binding protein.

Hydrophobins are a group of small (~100 amino acids) cysteine-rich proteins that are expressed only by filamentous fungi.