2024-08-20T17:11:15+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true Population, Species, Community, Ecosystem, Immigration, Emigration, Mortality, Natality, <p>R-strategy</p>, <p>K-strategy</p>, Geometric growth, Logistic growth, Carrying Capacity, Stable population, Unstable population, Environmental resistance, Density independent factors, Density dependent factors, Census, Direct techniques, Indirect techniques, Quadrat sampling, Mark recapture method, Producers, Consumers, Food chain, Food web, Predation, Territoriality, Ecological niche, Environment, Interspecific, Intraspecific, Complete exclusion, Resource partitioning, Social organization, Ecological succession, Primary succession, Secondary succession, Human population growth, Demographic, Demographic transition, Ecological footprint flashcards

POPULATION ECOLOGY

gr12 population ecology

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  • Population
    a group of organisms of the same species living in a definable area
  • Species
    a group of organisms which are related and able to freely interbreed
  • Community
    all the populations in an area
  • Ecosystem
    major interacting system consisting of all organisms and their non living environment
  • Immigration
    when organisms from outside the ecosystem join the population
  • Emigration
    when organisms leave the ecosystem
  • Mortality
    number of deaths per year
  • Natality
    number of live births per year

  • R-strategy

    large number of offspring low survivability

  • K-strategy

    few offspring large chance of surviving

  • Geometric growth
    rapid increase over time (exponential)
  • Logistic growth
    rate of growth changes depending on environmental resistance
  • Carrying Capacity
    the maximum number of a particular species which can be supported by the environment
  • Stable population
    a population where numbers decrease when exceeding carrying capacity & increase when number fall below.
  • Unstable population
    a population that can far exceed carrying capacity leading to environmental deterioration
  • Environmental resistance
    lowers natality and increases mortality to keep population at carrying capacity
  • Density independent factors
    would effect a population no matter the size
  • Density dependent factors
    effect the population the more it grows
  • Census
    a head count of animals in a population
  • Direct techniques
    technique using counting
  • Indirect techniques
    technique using estimation
  • Quadrat sampling
    count the amount in a smaller area and using it to estimate the larger area
  • Mark recapture method
    catching painting and releasing then recapturing and counting
  • Producers
    trap energy from sunlight in organic compounds
  • Consumers
    eat plans and trap energy
  • Food chain
    variety of linked organism
  • Food web
    interlinked food chains
  • Predation
    process where animals kill and feed off of another species
  • Territoriality
    a process whereby a population aggressively protects their environment
  • Ecological niche
    the functional role of an organism in it's particular environment in order for it to adapt to it's environment
  • Environment
    the habitat and all it's resources
  • Interspecific
    between individuals of different species
  • Intraspecific
    between individuals of same species
  • Complete exclusion
    2 different species which depend on the same resources cannot occupy the same ecological niche
  • Resource partitioning
    the usage of recourses differently so that two species can co-exist
  • Social organization
    close nit communities to improve survival chances
  • Ecological succession
    structural changes in the sequence of organisms
  • Primary succession
    occurs in a new area
  • Secondary succession
    occurs in an area which has been colonized previously
  • Human population growth
    factors which increase birth rate and decrease mortality
  • Demographic
    scientific study of size
  • Demographic transition
    occurs when birth & death rates decrease
  • Ecological footprint
    the amount of natural recourses available in the country to the impact the people have on the natural environment