Pharmacology

Berberine is a quaternary ammonium salt from the protoberberine group of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids.

The term drug overdose (or simply overdose or OD) describes the ingestion or application of a drug or other substance in quantities greater than are recommended or generally practiced.

A drug allergy is an allergy to a drug, most commonly a medication.

A placebo (/pləˈsiːboʊ/ plə-SEE-boh; Latin placēbō, "I shall please" from placeō, "I please") is a simulated or otherwise medically ineffectual treatment for a disease or other medical condition intended to deceive the recipient.

Bioassay (commonly used shorthand for biological assay or assessment), or biological standardization is a type of scientific experiment.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the ability of a microbe to resist the effects of medication previously used to treat them.

Lycorine is a toxic crystalline alkaloid found in various Amaryllidaceae species, such as the cultivated bush lily (Clivia miniata), surprise lilies (Lycoris), and daffodils (Narcissus).

Excretion is the process by which metabolic wastes and other non-useful materials are eliminated from an organism.

Nocodazole is an antineoplastic agent which exerts its effect in cells by interfering with the polymerization of microtubules.

Toxicity is the degree to which a substance can damage an organism.

In biochemistry, a cholinesterase or choline esterase is an esterase that lyses choline-based esters, several of which serve as neurotransmitters.

Hepatotoxicity (from hepatic toxicity) implies chemical-driven liver damage.

General anaesthesia or general anesthesia (see spelling differences) is a medically induced state of unconsciousness with loss of protective reflexes, resulting from the administration of one or more general anaesthetic agents.

Pinacidil is a cyanoguanidine drug that opens ATP-sensitive potassium channels producing peripheral vasodilatation of arterioles.

Pharmacogenetics is the study of inherited genetic differences in drug metabolic pathways which can affect individual responses to drugs, both in terms of therapeutic effect as well as adverse effects.

Safinamide (INN; brand name Xadago) is a drug indicated for the treatment of Parkinson's disease with monoamine oxidase B inhibiting and other methods of action.

Chirality /kaɪˈrælɪtiː/ is a property of asymmetry important in several branches of science.