2023-09-04T22:27:14+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>a</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>c</p>, <p>c</p>, <p>d</p>, <p>d</p>, <p>c</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>kidney disease, adrenal cortical disorders, pheochromocytoma, aortic coarctation, oral contraceptives</p>, <p>pheochromocytoma </p>, <p>aortic coarctation </p>, <p>kidney disease</p>, <p>cushing's disease</p>, <p>a, d</p>, <p>b,c,e, f</p>, <p>b,f</p>, <p>negative inotropic effect</p>, <p>negative chronotropic effect</p>, <p>negative dromotropic effect</p>, <p>CO= SV x HR</p>, <p>BP= CO x PR</p>, <p>Preeclampsia </p> flashcards
Pathology of HTN

Pathology of HTN

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  • a

    Cause vagal stimulation of SA & AV nodes, atria; very little innervation in ventricles.

    a) parasympathetic

    b) sympathetic

    c) baroreceptors

    d) chemoreceptors

  • b

    Contains efferent nerves that are present mainly in the SA node.

    a) parasympathetic

    b) sympathetic

    c) baroreceptors

    d) chemoreceptors

  • c

    Located in the aorta and carotids to respond to changes in stretch.

    a) parasympathetic

    b) sympathetic

    c) baroreceptors

    d) chemoreceptors

  • c

    Changes heart rate, contraction, and vascular tone.

    a) parasympathetic

    b) sympathetic

    c) baroreceptors

    d) chemoreceptors

  • d

    Located in carotid bodies at the bifurcation.

    a) parasympathetic

    b) sympathetic

    c) baroreceptors

    d) chemoreceptors

  • d

    Causes widespread vasoconstriction when the pressure drops.

    a) parasympathetic

    b) sympathetic

    c) baroreceptors

    d) chemoreceptors

  • c

    Responds to changes in stretch.

    a) parasympathetic

    b) sympathetic

    c) baroreceptors

    d) chemoreceptors

  • b

    High blood pressure is more focused on ______.

    a) preload

    b) afterload

  • b

    Which has an identifiable cause?

    a) primary HTN

    b) secondary HTN

  • kidney disease, adrenal cortical disorders, pheochromocytoma, aortic coarctation, oral contraceptives

    What are the causes of secondary HTN? (5)

  • pheochromocytoma

    increases in catecholamines (NE, Epi)

  • aortic coarctation

    narrowing of aorta

  • kidney disease

    -increases in salt and water retention + decreased renal blood flow

  • cushing's disease

    - excess glucocorticoid levels

  • a, d

    Which drugs reduce Stroke Volume (SV)?

    a) diuretics

    b) sympathoplegics

    c) direct vasodilators

    d) ACEis/ ARBS

    e) CCB

    f) non-DHP CCB

  • b,c,e, f

    Which drugs decrease Peripheral Resistance (PR)?

    a) diuretics

    b) sympathoplegics

    c) direct vasodilators

    d) ACEis/ ARBS

    e) DHP CCB

    f) non-DHP CCB

  • b,f

    Which drugs decrease HR?

    a) diuretics

    b) sympathoplegics

    c) direct vasodilators

    d) ACEis/ ARBs

    e) CCB

    f) non-DHP CCB

  • negative inotropic effect

    -decrease force or speed of contraction

  • negative chronotropic effect

    -Decrease heart rate by changing the rhythm produced by the SA node

  • negative dromotropic effect

    -slow atrioventricular conduction speed

  • CO= SV x HR

    Formula for Cardiac Output?

  • BP= CO x PR

    Formula for Blood Pressure?

  • Preeclampsia

    -new onset of HTN with proteinuria after 20 weeks of pregnancy