Oral mucosal pathology

Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia (also termed palatal papillomatosis, palatal epithelial hyperplasia, and denture papillomatosis), is a hyperplasia (overgrowth) of soft tissue, usually beneath a denture.

Lichen planus (LP) is an uncommon disease of the skin with a prevalence reported between 0.

Riga–Fede disease (or syndrome) is an oral condition found, albeit rarely, in newborns that manifests as an ulceration on the ventral surface of the tongue or on the inner surface of the lower lip.

Amalgam tattoo (also termed localized argyrosis, or focal argyrosis) is a grey, blue or black area of discoloration on the mucous membranes of the mouth, typically on the gums of the lower jaw.

Denture-related stomatitis (also termed denture sore mouth, denture stomatitis, chronic atrophic candidiasis, Candida-associated denture induced stomatitis, and denture-associated erythematous stomatitis) is a common condition where mild inflammation and redness of the oral mucous membrane occurs beneath a denture.

Epulis fissuratum (also termed inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia, denture-induced fibrous inflammatory hyperplasia, denture injury tumor, denture epulis, denture induced granuloma, and granuloma fissuratum) is a benign hyperplasia of fibrous connective tissue which develops as a reactive lesion to chronic mechanical irritation produced by the flange of a poorly fitting denture.

Erythroplakia (or erythroplasia) is a clinical term to describe any erythematous (red) area on a mucous membrane, that cannot be attributed to any other pathology.

Gingivostomatitis (also known as primary herpetic gingivostomatitis or orolabial herpes) is a combination of gingivitis and stomatitis, or an inflammation of the oral mucosa and gingiva.

Leukoedema (also spelled leucoedema) is a blue, grey or white appearance of mucosae, particularly the buccal mucosa (the inside of the cheeks); it may also occur on the mucosa of the larynx or vagina.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF or OSF) is a chronic, complex, premalignant ( 1% transformation risk ) lesion of the oral cavity, characterized by juxta-epithelial inflammatory reaction and progressive fibrosis of the submucosal tissues (the lamina propria and deeper connective tissues).

Pyogenic granuloma (also known as a "Eruptive hemangioma", "Granulation tissue-type hemangioma", "Granuloma gravidarum", "Lobular capillary hemangioma", "Pregnancy tumor", and "Tumor of pregnancy") is a vascular lesion that occurs on both mucosa and skin, and appears as an overgrowth of tissue due to irritation, physical trauma or hormonal factors.

Verrucous carcinoma (VC) is an uncommon variant of squamous cell carcinoma.

Morsicatio buccarum (also termed chronic cheek biting and chronic cheek chewing) is a condition characterized by chronic irritation or injury to the buccal mucosa (the lining of the inside of the cheek within the mouth), caused by repetitive chewing, biting or nibbling.

A mouth ulcer is an ulcer that occurs on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity.

Aphthous stomatitis is a common condition characterized by the repeated formation of benign and non-contagious mouth ulcers (aphthae) in otherwise healthy individuals.

Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infection caused by a group of viruses.

Oral candidiasis (also known as oral candidosis, oral thrush, oropharyngeal candidiasis, moniliasis, candidal stomatitis, muguet) is candidiasis that occurs in the mouth.

Stomatitis is inflammation of the mouth and lips.

Leukoplakia (also termed leucoplakia, leukokeratosis, leukoplasia, idiopathic leukoplakia, idiopathic keratosis, or idiopathic white patch), normally refers to a condition where areas of keratosis appear as firmly attached white patches on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, although the term is sometimes used for white patches of other gastrointestinal tract mucosal sites, or mucosal surfaces of the urinary tract and genitals.

Cicatricial pemphigoid (also known as "Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid", "MMP", "Benign mucosal pemphigoid," "Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid," "Ocular pemphigus," and "Scarring pemphigoid") is a rare chronic autoimmune subepithelial blistering disease characterized by erosive skin lesions of the mucous membranes and skin that results in scarring of at least some sites of involvement.

Glossitis can mean soreness of the tongue, or more usually inflammation with depapillation of the dorsal surface of the tongue (loss of the lingual papillae), leaving a smooth and erythematous (reddened) surface, (sometimes specifically termed atrophic glossitis).

Darier's disease (DAR), also known as Darier disease, Darier–White disease, Dyskeratosis follicularis and Keratosis follicularis, is an autosomal dominant disorder discovered by French dermatologist Ferdinand-Jean Darier.

Oral florid papillomatosis is a condition characterized by a white mass resembling a cauliflower covering the tongue and extending onto other portions of the mucous membranes.

Shingles, also known as zoster, herpes zoster, or zona, is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters involving a limited area.

Peutz–Jeghers syndrome (often abbreviated PJS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by the development of benign hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and hyperpigmented macules on the lips and oral mucosa (melanosis).

Oral melanosis is pigmentation of the oral cavity that tends to occur most frequently in black people.

Melanocytic oral lesions are an extremely uncommon condition characterized by pigmented lesions of the mucous membranes.

Median rhomboid glossitis (MRG, also known as central papillary atrophy, or glossal central papillary atrophy. ) is a condition characterized by an area of redness and loss of lingual papillae, situated on the dorsum of the tongue in the midline immediately in front of the circumvallate papillae.

Stomatitis nicotina (also known as nicotine stomatitis, nicotinic stomatitis, nicotine palatinus, stomatitis palatini, leukokeratosis nicotina palate, palatal leukokeratosis, smoker's keratosis, smoker's palate, and smoker's patches), is a diffuse white patch on the hard palate, usually caused by tobacco smoking, usually pipe or cigar smoking.

Epulis (plural epulides) is any tumor like enlargement (i.e. lump) situated on the gingival or alveolar mucosa.

Bednar's aphthae is a type of oral ulceration (mouth ulcers) which occurs in infants.

Smokeless tobacco keratosis (abbreviated to STK, also termed snuff dippers' keratosis, smokeless tobacco-associated keratosis, snuff pouch, snuff dipper's lesion, tobacco pouch keratosis, or spit tobacco keratosis) is a condition which develops on the oral mucosa (the lining of the mouth) in response to smokeless tobacco use.

Hairy leukoplakia (also known as oral hairy leukoplakia, OHL, or HIV-associated hairy leukoplakia), is a white patch on the side of the tongue with a corrugated or hairy appearance.

Pemphigus (/ˈpɛmfɪɡəs/ or /pɛmˈfaɪɡəs/) is a rare group of blistering autoimmune diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes.

A vesiculobullous disease is a type of mucocutaneous disease that is characterized by vesicles and bullae (i.e. blisters).