2022-09-25T01:12:17+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>Afferent</p>, <p>Efferent</p>, <p>Dendrites</p>, <p>Soma</p>, <p>Axon</p>, <p>Myelination</p>, <p>Central nervous system</p>, <p>Peripheral nervous system</p>, <p>Astrocytes</p>, <p>astrocytes</p>, <p>Glial scar (gliosis)</p>, <p>Astrocytoma</p>, <p>Microglia</p>, <p>Alzheimer's, MS, Autism</p>, <p>TBI, stroke, Alzheimer's</p>, <p>Cerebrovasculature</p>, <p>stroke, transient ischemic attack, aneurysm </p>, <p>uncharged lipid-soluble molecules, alcohol, nicotine</p>, <p>synapse</p>, <p>neurotransmitters</p>, <p>axon hillock</p>, <p>sodium channel inactivation </p>, <p>neurotransmitters</p>, <p>inhibitory </p>, <p>excitatory</p>, <p>synthesis of neurotransmitter, storage, release, binding to effector, termination</p>, <p>Parkinson's disease</p>, <p>Ionotropic receptors</p>, <p>Metabotropic receptors</p>, <p>Central nervous system (CNS)</p>, <p>Peripheral nervous system</p>, <p>down</p>, <p>up</p> flashcards
Neural Function

Neural Function

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  • Afferent

    carry information to CNS

  • Efferent

    carry information away from CNS

  • Dendrites

    receive information

  • Soma

    -integrates information

    -cell body

  • Axon

    sends information

  • Myelination

    -increases the velocity of nerve impulse conduction

    -viewed as white matter in scans

  • Central nervous system

    Where are oligodendrocytes found ?

  • Peripheral nervous system

    Where are schwann cells found?

  • Astrocytes

    -support neuronal function

    -couple blood flow from vessels to neurons

    -produce growth factors

    -buffer toxins

  • astrocytes

    Which is the most abundant cell type of the CNS?

  • Glial scar (gliosis)

    scar tissue formed by astrocytes

  • Astrocytoma

    -glibolastoma multiformed

    -most aggressive brain cancer

  • Microglia

    -immune cells of the brain

    -small in size

    -clean up debris, damage, infection

  • Alzheimer's, MS, Autism

    Which pathologies are associated with Microglia?

  • TBI, stroke, Alzheimer's

    Astrocyte scar tissue is formed in response to which pathologies?

  • Cerebrovasculature

    -provide glucose and oxygen to neural tissue

    -brain consumes 20% of body's oxygen, receives 15-20% of cardiac output

    -receives 15-20% of cardiac output

  • stroke, transient ischemic attack, aneurysm

    What are common pathologies associated with the cerebrovasculature?

  • uncharged lipid-soluble molecules, alcohol, nicotine

    The blood brain barrier is not a good barrier against what?

  • synapse

    site of connection between neurons and target effector cells

  • neurotransmitters

    action potentials may lead to the release of chemical signals. These are called _____

  • axon hillock

    initial segment of the neuron where action potentials initiate

  • sodium channel inactivation

    Certain forms of epilepsy are caused by failures in _______

  • neurotransmitters

    chemical substances synthesized and released from pre-synaptic neurons to excite, inhibit, or modify the response of its post-synaptic effector cell

  • inhibitory

    What type of neurotransmitter is GABA?

  • excitatory

    What type of neurotransmitter is Glutamate?

  • synthesis of neurotransmitter, storage, release, binding to effector, termination

    What are the steps of neurotransmission?

  • Parkinson's disease

    movement disorder induced by the selective death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (region in the midbrain)

  • Ionotropic receptors

    are ligand-gated ion channels made up of three, four, or five protein subunits that together form an ion-conducting pore in the center of the receptor. 

  • Metabotropic receptors

    G-protein-coupled receptor

  • Central nervous system (CNS)

    -brain and spinal cord

  • Peripheral nervous system

    -spinal nerves, cranial nerves, all nerves outside CNS

  • down

    Efferent information runs _____

  • up

    Afferent information runs _____