2022-10-09T08:10:11+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>What are opportunistic pathogens?</p>, <p>What are primary pathogens?</p>, <p>What are the four kingdoms in Eucarya?</p>, <p>What are the differences between eucarya and bacteria?</p>, <p>What defines a fungus?</p>, <p>What are the three main ways fungi can cause disease?</p>, <p>What is a major challenge in treating fungal diseases?</p>, <p>What defines a protozoa?</p>, <p>How do protozoa affect human health?</p>, <p>What are helminths?</p>, <p>What are the three major types of helminths?</p>, <p>What is a definitive host?</p>, <p>What is a intermediate host?</p>, <p>What are the three major ways that helminths are acquired?</p>, <p>What are the three ways that prion diseases manifest?</p>, <p>What are the two parts of a prion?</p>, <p>What are the two structures of PrP?</p>, <p>What is the species barrier?</p>, <p>When is prion replication most efficent?</p>, <p>What are systemic infections?</p> flashcards
Microbiology: Eukaryotic Pathogens

Microbiology: Eukaryotic Pathogens

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  • What are opportunistic pathogens?

    Pathogens that cause disease in immunocompromised individuals

  • What are primary pathogens?

    Pathogens that cause diseases in healthy individuals

  • What are the four kingdoms in Eucarya?

    Animals, plants, fungi, Protista

  • What are the differences between eucarya and bacteria?

    Eucarya are bigger, have nuclear membranes and membrane bound organelles. But no peptidoglycan and are only found in non-extreme environments while bacteria are found in all environments

  • What defines a fungus?

    They are eukaryotes, the cell walls contain chitin and their membranes contain ergosterol rather than cholesterol found in animals

  • What are the three main ways fungi can cause disease?

    1. Allergic reaction to fungus or spores

    2. Fungus grows on body, known as mycosis

    3. Fungus produces toxin after ingestion

  • What is a major challenge in treating fungal diseases?

    Our molecular machinery is similar.

  • What defines a protozoa?

    NO cell wall, motile and ingest nutrients from organic compounds or other microbes. Can exist in multiple forms (oocysts). Unicellular

  • How do protozoa affect human health?

    Teach bacteria how to manipulate eukaryotic cells, bacteria in protozoa are more resistant to treatments, can cause disease on its own.

  • What are helminths?

    Multicellular parasitic worms that cause disease.

  • What are the three major types of helminths?

    1. Nematodes(roundworms)

    2. Cestodes(tapeworms)

    3. Trematodes(flukes, flatworms)

  • What is a definitive host?

    Where the sexual reproduction or the adult form of the parasite is found

  • What is a intermediate host?

    Asexual expansion of parasite numbers. Support the transmission of these organisms from one species to the next.

  • What are the three major ways that helminths are acquired?

    1. Ingestion

    2. Soil through the skin (bare feet)

    3. Insect bites

  • What are the three ways that prion diseases manifest?

    Sporadic (spontaneously)

    Genetically

    Infectiously

  • What are the two parts of a prion?

    Disordered, N-terminal domain and the alpha helical C-terminal domain

  • What are the two structures of PrP?

    1. PrPC the cellular version of the protein

    2.PrPSc the misfoled disease causing version of the protein (beta sheets)

    PrPSc converts PrPC's

  • What is the species barrier?

    Prions transfer from different species are inefficient (low rates and long incubation periods)

  • When is prion replication most efficent?

    When amino acid sequences of PrPC and PrPSc are identical

  • What are systemic infections?

    Infections that affect the whole body