Obligate parasites
they are incapable of replication unless occupying an appropriate living host
Virion
a virus particle
Capsid
virus is made up of an external protein coating called
Capsomeres
a nucleic acid core capsid made up of protein molecules
Lipid layer
the capside coat is enclosed by what
International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses
classifies viruses into families and genera based on viral genetics, chemistry, morphology, and mechanism of multiplication
-viridae
viral family names ends with
-virus
genus name ends with
Baltimore System
classifies viruses according to their genomes (DNA or RNA, single versus double stranded, and mode of replication)
Viroids
a plant pathogen composed only of circular single stranded RNA capable of replication that lacks capsid or any type of coating
Theodor Otto DIener in 1971
discovered Viroid
Prions
aller and simpler than viruses - made up of protein - also known as proteinaceous infectious particles- implicated in diseases called “transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs)”
Stanley B. Prusiner
discovered prions
Creutsfeldt-Jakob disease, Strussler-Schienker disease
disease caused by prions
Taxonomy
science of classification, nomenclature and identification of organism
Binomial system of classification
the method of assigning scientific names is called the
Nomenclature
naming organisms • assigning scientific names,
Classification
theorderly arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy of taxa
Taxon
▶ a taxonomic group of any rank, such as a species, family, or class. ▶ Organisms are classified into a taxonomic rank.
Identification
discovering and recording the characteristics of organisms enabling them to be placed in an overall taxonomic scheme