2023-11-21T01:26:00+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>Where is Acetylcholine made and released? And What are the receptors it binds to?</p>, <p>What are the Muscarinic Receptors?</p>, <p>What do the Muscarinic Receptors do generally?</p>, <p>Effects on Heart? And what receptor(s) and/ neurotransmitter cause them? (2)</p>, <p>What are the general Cardiac effects on the SAN and AVN (parasympathetic and sympathetic?</p>, <p>Effects on Blood Vessels? And what receptor(s) and/ neurotransmitter cause them? (4)</p>, <p>Effects on Male Genitalia? And what neurotransmitter cause them? (3)</p>, <p>Effects on Non-Vascular Smooth Muscle? And what receptor(s) and/ neurotransmitter cause them? (3)</p>, <p>What are the Effects of acetylcholine on non-vascular and vascular muscle cells?</p>, <p>Effects on the Eyes? And what receptor(s) and/ neurotransmitter cause them? (3)</p>, <p>Effects on the Various secretions? And what receptor(s) and/ neurotransmitter cause them? (4)</p>, <p>A general summary of the Muscarinic cholinoceptor-mediated responses</p> flashcards
Major Responses of the Parasympathetic Nervous System (Pharmacology)

Major Responses of the Parasympathetic Nervous System (Pharmacology)

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  • Where is Acetylcholine made and released? And What are the receptors it binds to?

    The Parasympathetic nerves. Binds to the muscarinic receptors.

  • What are the Muscarinic Receptors?

    m1

    m2

    m3

    m4

    m5

  • What do the Muscarinic Receptors do generally?

    m1,m2,m3-Increase Phospholipase C (Gq)

    m2,m4-Inhibits Adenylate Cyclase (Gi)

  • Effects on Heart? And what receptor(s) and/ neurotransmitter cause them? (2)

    m2 RECEPTOR + ACETYLCHOLINE

    -Parasympathetic nerve to heart:

    -Decreases force of contraction

    -Reduces heart rate

  • What are the general Cardiac effects on the SAN and AVN (parasympathetic and sympathetic?

    The Vagus nerve influences the SAN and atria

    SAN-stimulated through parasympathetic innervation (cholinergic vagus nerves)

    AVN-stimulated through sympathetic innervation (adrenergic vagus nerves)

  • Effects on Blood Vessels? And what receptor(s) and/ neurotransmitter cause them? (4)

    m3 RECEPTOR + ACETYLCHOLINE

    -Acetylcholine produces considerable vasodilation of systemic arteries

    -But there is for less parasympathetic innervation to arteries

    -Promotes the release of a gas (NO) from the endothelium

    -Acetylcholine relaxes arteries due to m3 receptor activation in the endothelium

  • Effects on Male Genitalia? And what neurotransmitter cause them? (3)

    m3 RECEPTOR + ACETYLCHOLINE

    -One arterial bed with rich parasympathetic innervations=penis

    -Stimulation of parasympathetic nerve=dilation of the penile artery

    -Leads to the engorgement of the corpus

  • Effects on Non-Vascular Smooth Muscle? And what receptor(s) and/ neurotransmitter cause them? (3)

    m3 RECEPTOR + ACETYLCHOLINE

    Parasympathetic nerve activation causes contraction:

    -bladder detrusor

    -airway

    -GI tract

  • What are the Effects of acetylcholine on non-vascular and vascular muscle cells?

    (black cloud=endothelial cell which causes NO release when stimulated)

    (black cloud=endothelial cell which causes NO release when stimulated)

  • Effects on the Eyes? And what receptor(s) and/ neurotransmitter cause them? (3)

    m3 RECEPTOR + ACETYLCHOLINE

    -Contacts circular muscle=narrow pupil

    Eye accommodation:

    -Contraction of ciliary muscle

    -Relaxes suspensory ligaments

    -Allows lens to bulge

  • Effects on the Various secretions? And what receptor(s) and/ neurotransmitter cause them? (4)

    m1 AND m3 + ACETYLCHOLINE

    -Saliva

    -Tears

    -Gut Acid

    -Sweat (sympathetic effect)

  • A general summary of the Muscarinic cholinoceptor-mediated responses

    m1-Gut acid production and other secretions

    m2-Decresed cardiac activity

    m3-Contraction of visceral smooth

    muscles, saliva production, release of NO from endothelium, pupil narrowing

    m4-CNS

    m5-CNS