Magnetism

Magnetostriction (cf. electrostriction) is a property of ferromagnetic materials that causes them to change their shape or dimensions during the process of magnetization.

A solenoid (from the French solénoïde, derived in turn from the Greek solen "pipe, channel" + combining form of Greek eidos "form, shape") is a coil wound into a tightly packed helix.

In electromagnetism and electronics, inductance is the property of an electrical conductor by which a change in current through it induces an electromotive force in both the conductor itself and in any nearby conductors by mutual inductance.

The magnetic moment of a magnet is a quantity that determines the torque it will experience in an external magnetic field.

Magnetic tape is a medium for magnetic recording, made of a thin, magnetizable coating on a long, narrow strip of plastic film.

Magnetism is a class of physical phenomena that are mediated by magnetic fields.

Diamagnetic materials create an induced magnetic field in a direction opposite to an externally applied magnetic field, and are repelled by the applied magnetic field.

Hysteresis is the time-based dependence of a system's output on present and past inputs.

The term magnetic potential can be used for either of two quantities in classical electromagnetism: the magnetic vector potential, A, (often simply called the vector potential) and the magnetic scalar potential, ψ.

A magnet (from Greek μαγνήτις λίθος magnḗtis líthos, "Magnesian stone") is a material or object that produces a magnetic field.

The method of image charges (also known as the method of images and method of mirror charges) is a basic problem-solving tool in electrostatics.

Ferromagnetism is the basic mechanism by which certain materials (such as iron) form permanent magnets, or are attracted to magnets.

The Jahn–Teller effect, sometimes also known as Jahn–Teller distortion, describes the geometrical distortion of molecules and ions that is associated with certain electron configurations.

Levitation or transvection in the paranormal context is the rising of a human body into the air by mystical means.

A magnetic field is the magnetic effect of electric currents and magnetic materials.

Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism whereby certain materials are attracted by an externally applied magnetic field, and form internal, induced magnetic fields in the direction of the applied magnetic field.

A spin glass is a disordered magnet, where the magnetic spin of the component atoms (the orientation of the north and south magnetic poles in three-dimensional space) are not aligned in a regular pattern.

Magnetic refrigeration is a cooling technology based on the magnetocaloric effect.

Magnetochemistry is concerned with the magnetic properties of chemical compounds.

Greigite is an iron sulfide mineral with formula Fe3S4 (Iron(II,III) sulfide).

The Gouy balance, invented by Louis Georges Gouy, is a device for measuring the magnetic susceptibility of a sample.

The nuclear magnetic moment is the magnetic moment of an atomic nucleus and arises from the spin of the protons and neutrons.

Magnetic resonance is a phenomenon that affects a Magnetic dipole when placed in a uniform static magnetic field.

A Faraday balance is a device for measuring magnetic susceptibility.

The neutron magnetic moment is the intrinsic magnetic dipole moment of the neutron, symbol μn.

The history of electromagnetic theory begins with ancient measures to understand atmospheric electricity, in particular lightning.

The spin-stiffness or spin rigidity or helicity modulus or the "superfluid density" (for bosons the superfluid density is proportional to the spin stiffness) is a constant which represents the change in the ground state energy of a spin system as a result of introducing a slow in plane twist of the spins.

A magnetic dipole is the limit of either a closed loop of electric current or a pair of poles as the dimensions of the source are reduced to zero while keeping the magnetic moment constant.

The Fermi contact interaction is the magnetic interaction between an electron and an atomic nucleus when the electron is inside that nucleus.