Hosam Mohamed-
acts on actively dividing cells only; binds to 50S ribosomes inhibiting translocation and protein synthesis
What is the MOA of Macrolides?
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efflux, ribosomal protection, esterase to cleave lactone, mutation of 50s unit
What methods of resistance do bacteria utilize against Macrolides?
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rare liver damage, prolonged QT interval/ arrhythmia, patients who take anti-arrhythmia meds
What are toxicity concerns associated with Macrolides?
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N&V, CYP450 inhibition
What are side effects associates with Macrolides?
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ketalized due to acid
How do Macrolides fare in the GI tract?
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lactone hydrolysis will occur
How do Macrolides fare in the presence of bases & enzymes?
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erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, telithromycin, fidaxomicin
What are our macrolides?
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Lincomycin, Clindamyin
What are our Lincoasamines?
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aerobic gm +; anaerobic gm + & gm -
Spectrum of Lincomycin?
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aerobic +/-; anaerobic +/-
Spectrum of Clindamycin?
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Clindamycin, clindamycin palmitate, clindamycin phosphate
What our three forms of Clindamycin?
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mycoplasma pneumonia, rti, otitis media
Clarithromycin tx?
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less Gm (+) activity
How does Azithromycin's spectrum compare to Erythromycin?
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ketolide; telithromycin
What functional group is present in a Macrolide that increases the binding affinity to 50s ribosome 10x? What is the macrolide?
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b
All Macrolides are considered ______ except for Fidaxomicin.
a) bactericidal
b) bacteriostatic
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mrsa, enterococcus, c.diff
Lincomycin is a relatively broad spectrum antibiotic, what organisms is it NOT effective against?
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inflammatory acne vulgaris, bacteriodes fragilis
Clindamycin tx?
