Industrial processes

A chimney is a structure that provides ventilation for hot flue gases or smoke from a boiler, stove, furnace or fireplace to the outside atmosphere.

Forging is a manufacturing process involving the shaping of metal using localized compressive forces.

Industrial processes are procedures involving chemical, physical, electrical or mechanical steps to aid in the manufacturing of an item or items, usually carried out on a very large scale.

Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another.

Hydrogenation – to treat with hydrogen – is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum.

In the field of extractive metallurgy, mineral processing, also known as ore dressing, is the process of separating commercially valuable minerals from their ores.

Pasteurization or pasteurisation is a process that kills microbes (mainly bacteria) in food and drink, such as milk, juice, canned food, and others.

In chemical engineering and related fields, a unit operation is a basic step in a process.

Vacuum is space void of matter.

Extrusion is a process used to create objects of a fixed cross-sectional profile.

Sintering is the process of compacting and forming a solid mass of material by heat or pressure without melting it to the point of liquefaction.

Sandwich Plate System (SPS) is a structural composite material composed of steel and polyurethane elastomer.

Canning is a method of preserving food in which the food contents are processed and sealed in an airtight container.

The Haber process, also called the Haber–Bosch process, is an artificial nitrogen fixation process and is the main industrial procedure for the production of ammonia today.

Arc welding is a type of welding that uses a welding power supply to create an electric arc between an electrode and the base material to melt the metals at the welding point.

Oxy-fuel welding (commonly called oxyacetylene welding, oxy welding, or gas welding in the U.S.) and oxy-fuel cutting are processes that use fuel gases and oxygen to weld and cut metals, respectively.

Thermal spraying techniques are coating processes in which melted (or heated) materials are sprayed onto a surface.

Tumble finishing, also known as tumbling or rumbling, is a technique for smoothing and polishing a rough surface on relatively small parts.

Differential centrifugation is a common procedure in microbiology and cytology used to separate certain organelles from whole cells for further analysis of specific parts of cells.

Food processing is the transformation of raw ingredients, by physical or chemical means into food, or of food into other forms.

Blow molding ( BrE moulding ) is a manufacturing process by which hollow plastic parts are formed.

Vapor-Compression Refrigeration or vapor-compression refrigeration system (VCRS), in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for air-conditioning of buildings and automobiles.

Electrosynthesis in chemistry is the synthesis of chemical compounds in an electrochemical cell.

Deinking is the industrial process of removing printing ink from paperfibers of recycled paper to make deinked pulp.

The Girdler sulfide (GS) process, also known as the Geib–Spevack (GS) process, is an industrial production method for filtering out of natural water the heavy water (deuterium oxide = D2O) which is used in particle research, in Deuterium NMR spectroscopy, deuterated solvents for proton NMR spectroscopy, in heavy water nuclear reactors (as a coolant and moderator) and in deuterated drugs.