IARC Group 1 carcinogens

Melphalan (trade name Alkeran, in former USSR also known as Sarcolysin) is a chemotherapy drug belonging to the class of nitrogen mustard alkylating agents.

Arsenic pentoxide is the inorganic compound with the formula As2O5.

Nickel(II) sulfate, or just nickel sulfate, usually refers to the inorganic compound with the formula NiSO4(H2O)6.

Nickel(II) chloride (or just nickel chloride), is the chemical compound NiCl2.

Nickel nitrate is the inorganic compound Ni(NO3)2 or any hydrate thereof.

Treosulfan is a substance that is being studied in the treatment of cancer.

Tamoxifen (TMX), sold under the brand name Nolvadex among others, is a medication that is used to prevent breast cancer in women and treat breast cancer in women and men.

Semustine is a drug used in chemotherapy.

1,3-Butadiene is a simple conjugated diene with the formula C4H6.

Arsenic trioxide is an inorganic compound with the formula As2O3.

Asbestos is a set of six naturally occurring silicate minerals, which all have in common their eponymous asbestiform habit: long (roughly 1:20 aspect ratio), thin fibrous crystals, with each visible fiber composed of millions of microscopic "fibrils" that can be released by abrasion and other processes.

Benzene is an important organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C6H6.

Ethanol /ˈɛθənɒl/ (EtOH), also commonly called alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and drinking alcohol, is the principal type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, produced by the fermentation of sugars by yeasts.

Ethylene oxide, properly called oxirane by IUPAC, is the organic compound with the formula C2H4O.

Formaldehyde is a naturally-occurring organic compound with the formula CH2O.

Silicon dioxide, also known as silica (from the Latin silex), is a chemical compound that is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula SiO2.

Sulfur mustard, commonly known as mustard gas, is a cytotoxic and vesicant chemical warfare agent with the ability to form large blisters on the exposed skin and in the lungs.

Sunlight is a portion of the electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun, in particular infrared, visible, and ultraviolet light.

Tobacco smoking is the practice of burning tobacco and inhaling the smoke (consisting of particle and gaseous phases).

X-radiation (composed of X-rays) is a form of electromagnetic radiation.

Benzidine (trivial name), also called 1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (systematic name), is an organic compound with the formula (C6H4NH2)2.

Beryllium oxide (BeO), also known as beryllia, is an inorganic compound with the formula BeO.

Cadmium oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula CdO.

Cadmium chloride is a white crystalline compound of cadmium and chlorine, with the formula CdCl2.

Cadmium nitrate describes any of the related members of a family of inorganic compound with the general formula Cd(NO3)2.

Nickel(II) oxide is the chemical compound with the formula NiO.

Nickel carbonyl (IUPAC name: tetracarbonylnickel) is the organonickel compound with the formula Ni(CO)4.

Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H2C=CHCl that is also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) or chloroethene.

Tobacco is the agricultural product of the leaves of plants in the genus Nicotiana.

Aflatoxins are poisonous and cancer-causing chemicals that are produced by certain molds (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus) which grow in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains.

Arsine is an inorganic compound with the formula AsH3.

Benzo[a]pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the result of incomplete combustion at temperatures between 300 °C (572 °F) and 600 °C (1,112 °F).

Coal tar is a brown or black liquid of extremely high viscosity.

Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a compound of the elements gallium and arsenic.

Nitrosamines are chemical compounds of the chemical structure R1N(–R2)–N=O, that is, a nitroso group bonded to an amine.

Phenacetin (or acetophenetidin) is a pain-relieving and fever-reducing drug, which was widely used between its introduction in 1887 and the 1983 ban imposed by the FDA on its use in the United States.

Potassium dichromate, K2Cr2O7, is a common inorganic chemical reagent, most commonly used as an oxidizing agent in various laboratory and industrial applications.

Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) is a yellow-orange salt with the formula [C5H5NH][CrO3Cl].

The chemical compound trichloroethylene (C2HCl3) is a halocarbon commonly used as an industrial solvent.

Azathioprine (AZA), also known by its brand name Imuran, is an immunosuppressive drug used in organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases and belongs to the chemical class of purine analogues.

Busulfan (Myleran, GlaxoSmithKline, Busulfex IV, Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc.) is a cancer drug, in use since 1959.

Cadmium sulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula CdS.

Chlorambucil (marketed as Leukeran by GlaxoSmithKline) is a chemotherapy drug that has been mainly used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Ciclosporin, also spelled cyclosporine, is an immunosuppressant drug widely used in organ transplantation to prevent rejection.

Cyclophosphamide (INN), also known as cytophosphane, is a medication mainly used in chemotherapy.

Etoposide or VP-16 (trade name Etopophos) is a cytotoxic anticancer drug which belongs to the topoisomerase inhibitor drug class.

Nickel(II) carbonate describes one or a mixture of inorganic compounds containing nickel and carbonate.

Perfosfamide, or 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (trade name Pergamid) was an experimental drug candidate for blood cancers that was rejected by the FDA in 1993 and never reached the market.

Neutron radiation is a kind of ionizing radiation which consists of free neutrons.

4-Hydroxycyclophosphamide is in the class of oxazaphosphorine compounds, and is the main, active metabolite of cyclophosphamide and of mafosfamide after they partially metabolized by cytochrome P450.

Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDDs), or simply dioxins, are a group of polyhalogenated organic compounds that are significant environmental pollutants.

Chloromethyl methyl ether (CMME) is a compound with formula CH3OCH2Cl.

Diethylstilbestrol (DES) (INN, USAN, BAN), also known formerly (and inappropriately) as stilboestrol (BAN), is a synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen of the stilbestrol group that was first synthesized in 1938.

N-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) is a tobacco-specific nitrosamine produced during the curing and processing of tobacco.

2-Naphthylamine is one of two isomeric aminonaphthalenes, compounds with the formula C10H7NH2.

An alcoholic drink, or alcoholic beverage, is a drink that contains a substantial amount of ethanol (informally called alcohol), a depressant which in low doses causes euphoria, reduced anxiety, and sociability and in higher doses causes intoxication (drunkenness), stupor and unconsciousness.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin (sometimes shortened, though inaccurately, to simply "dioxin") with the chemical formula C12H4Cl4O2.

Alcoholic beverages are classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group 1 carcinogen (carcinogenic to humans).

4-Aminobiphenyl is an amine derivative of biphenyl.

Aristolochic acids (English /əˌrɪstəˈloʊkᵻk/) are a family of carcinogenic, mutagenic, and nephrotoxic compounds commonly found in the birthwort (Aristolochiaceae) family of plants.

Bis(chloromethyl) ether is an organic compound with the chemical formula (CH2Cl)2O.

Chlornaphazine, a derivative of 2-naphthylamine, is a nitrogen mustard that was developed in the 1950s for the treatment of polycythemia and Hodgkin's disease.

Erionite is a naturally occurring fibrous mineral that belongs to a group of minerals called zeolites.

N,N',N''-triethylenethiophosphoramide (ThioTEPA or thiotepa) is an alkylating agent used to treat cancer.

4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA, MBOCA, bisamine) is a substance used as a curing agent in polyurethane production.

Methoxsalen — also called xanthotoxin, marketed under the trade names Oxsoralen, Deltasoralen, Meladinine — is a drug used to treat psoriasis, eczema, vitiligo, and some cutaneous lymphomas in conjunction with exposing the skin to UVA light from lamps or sunlight.

Nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK), also known as 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, is one of the key tobacco-specific nitrosamines which play an important role in carcinogenesis.

Chrysotile or white asbestos is the most commonly encountered form of asbestos, accounting for approximately 95% of the asbestos in the United States and a similar proportion in other countries.