Hebrew words and phrases

Moshav (Hebrew: מוֹשָׁב‎‎, plural מוֹשָׁבִים moshavim, lit. settlement, village) is a type of Israeli town or settlement, in particular a type of cooperative agricultural community of individual farms pioneered by the Labour Zionists during the second wave of aliyah.

Tzadik/Zadik/Sadiq [tsaˈdik] (Hebrew: צדיק‎‎, "righteous one", pl. tzadikim [tsadiˈkim] צדיקים ṣadiqim) is a title in Judaism given to people considered righteous, such as Biblical figures and later spiritual masters.

A mezuzah (Hebrew: מְזוּזָה‎‎ "doorpost"; plural: מְזוּזוֹת mezuzot) is a piece of parchment (often contained in a decorative case) inscribed with specified Hebrew verses from the Torah (Deuteronomy 6:4-9 and 11:13-21).

B'nai B'rith International (English pronunciation: /bəˌneɪ ˈbrɪθ/, from Hebrew: בני ברית b'né brit, "Children of the Covenant") is the oldest Jewish service organization in the world.

She'ol (/ˈʃiːoʊl/ SHEE-ohl or /ˈʃiːəl/ SHEE-əl; Hebrew שְׁאוֹל Šʾôl), in the Hebrew Bible, is a place of darkness to which all the dead go, both the righteous and the unrighteous, regardless of the moral choices made in life, a place of stillness and darkness cut off from life and from the Hebrew God.

Tefillin (Askhenazic: /ˈtfɪlᵻn/; Israeli Hebrew: [tfiˈlin], תפילין), also called phylacteries (/fɪˈlæktəriːz/ from Ancient Greek φυλακτήριον phylacterion, form of phylássein, φυλάσσειν meaning "to guard, protect"), are a set of small black leather boxes containing scrolls of parchment inscribed with verses from the Torah.

Birkat Hachama (ברכת החמה, "Blessing of the Sun") refers to a rare Jewish blessing that is recited to the Creator, thanking Him for creating the sun.

Gehenna, (/ɡɪˈhɛnə/; Hebrew: גיא בן הינום‎‎ Ancient Greek: γέεννα), from the Hebrew Gehinnom (Rabbinical: גהנום/גהנם), is a small valley in Jerusalem and the Jewish and Christian analogue of hell.

Melamed, Melammed (Hebrew: מלמד, Teacher) is a term which in Biblical times denoted a religious teacher or instructor in general (e.g., in Ps. cxix. 99 and Prov. v. 13), but which in the Talmudic period was applied especially to a teacher of children, and was almost invariably followed by the word "tinokot" (children; B. B. 21a).

The Knesset (Hebrew: הַכְּנֶסֶת [haˈkneset] ; lit. the gathering or assembly; Arabic: الكنيست‎‎ al-K(e)neset) is the unicameral national legislature of Israel.

(This article is about the interjection. For other uses, see Amen (disambiguation).) The word amen (/ˌɑːˈmɛn/ or /ˌeɪˈmɛn/; Hebrew: אָמֵן, Modern amen, Tiberian ʾāmēn; Greek: ἀμήν; Arabic: آمين‎‎, ʾāmīn ; "So be it; truly") is a declaration of affirmation found in the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament.

Leviathan (/lᵻˈvaɪ.əθən/; Hebrew: לִוְיָתָן, Modern Livyatan, Tiberian Liwyāṯān) is a sea monster referenced in the Tanakh, or the Old Testament.

The Sanhedrin (Hebrew: סַנְהֶדְרִין sanhedrîn, Greek: Συνέδριον, synedrion, "sitting together," hence "assembly" or "council") was an assembly of twenty-three to seventy-one men appointed in every city in the Land of Israel.

Baal Shem (Hebrew: בַּעַל שֵׁם, pl. Baalei Shem) in Hebrew meaning "Master of the Name", refers to a historical Jewish occupation of certain kabbalistic rabbis with knowledge of using names of God in Judaism for practical kabbalah healing, miracles, exorcism and blessing.

The Hebrew term Abaddon (Hebrew: אֲבַדּוֹן‎‎, 'Ǎḇaddōn), and its Greek equivalent Apollyon (Greek: Ἀπολλύων, Apollyon), appears in the Bible as both a place of destruction and as the name of an angel.

Hakham (or chakam(i), haham(i), hacham(i); Hebrew: חכם ḥaḵam, "wise") is a term in Judaism, meaning a wise or skillful man; it often refers to someone who is a great Torah scholar.

Chametz, also Chometz, Ḥametz, Ḥameṣ, Ḥameç and other spellings transliterated from Hebrew: חָמֵץ / חמץ (IPA: [χaˈmets]), are leavened foods that are forbidden on the Jewish holiday of Passover.

A hazzan [χaˈzan] or chazzan (Hebrew: חַזָּן‎‎ ħazzān, Yiddish khazn Ladino hassan) is a Jewish musician, or precentor, trained in the vocal arts who helps lead the congregation in songful prayer.

Berachot (Hebrew: בְּרָכֹות Brakhoth in Talmudic/Classical Hebrew, "Blessings"; also Berachos) is the first tractate (Hebrew: masekhet) of Seder Zeraim ("Order of Seeds"), a collection of the Mishnah that primarily deals with laws relating to plants and farming, hence the name.

The Ma'abarot (Hebrew: מַעְבָּרוֹת plural) were refugee absorption camps in Israel in the 1950s.

Nakpadon or Nikpadon is an Israeli heavy armored personnel carrier (HAPC) based on the Centurion-derived Nagmachon.

In Judaism, the Midrash (/ˈmɪdrɑːʃ/; Hebrew: מדרש ; pl. מדרשים Midrashim) is a term given to a genre of rabbinic literature which contains anthologies and compilations of homilies, including both the exegesis of Torah texts and homiletic stories and sermons as well as aggadot and occasionally even halakhot, which usually form a running commentary on specific passages in the Tanakh.

Mishpat Ivri (Hebrew משפט עברי "Jewish/Hebrew law/jurisprudence".) In content, Mishpat Ivri refers to those aspects of Halakha ("traditional Jewish law") that are relevant to "non-religious" or "secular" law.

Herem (Hebrew: חֵרֶם, also Romanized chērem, ḥērem) is the highest ecclesiastical censure in the Jewish community.

In Judaism, the qorban (Hebrew: קָרְבָּן‎‎ qorbān; also corban; Yiddish churbn) is any of a variety of sacrificial offerings described and commanded in the Torah.

In Judaism, a minyan (Hebrew: מִנְיָן [minˈjan] lit. noun count, number; pl. מִניָנִים minyanim [minjanˈim]) is the quorum of ten Jewish adults required for certain religious obligations.

Seder Zeraim (Hebrew: סדר זרעים‎‎, lit. "Order of Seeds") is the first and shortest Seder ("Order") of the Mishnah, the first major work of Jewish law.

The Tanakh (/tɑːˈnɑːx/; Hebrew: תַּנַ"ךְ, pronounced [taˈnaχ] or [təˈnax]; also Tenakh, Tenak, Tanach) or Mikra or Hebrew Bible is the canonical collection of Jewish texts, which is also a textual source for the Christian Old Testament.

The Hebrew term shechita (anglicized: /ʃəxiːˈtɑː/; Hebrew: שחיטה‎‎, [ʃχiˈta]), also transliterated shehitah, shechitah, shehita, means the slaughtering of certain mammals and birds for food according to Jewish dietary laws (Deut. 12:21, Deut. 14:21, Num. 11:22).

Shavit (Hebrew: "comet" – שביט) is a space launch vehicle produced by Israel to launch small satellites into low Earth orbit.

In Judaism, a berakhah, bracha, brokho, brokhe (Hebrew: בְּרָכָה‎‎; pl. בְּרָכוֹת, berakhot, brokhoys; "benediction," "blessing," "drawing down [of spiritual energy]") is a formula of blessing or thanksgiving, recited in public or private, usually before the performance of a commandment, or the enjoyment of food or fragrance, and in praise on various occasions.

An eruv ([ʔeˈʁuv]; Hebrew: עירוב‎‎, "mixture", also transliterated as eiruv or erub, plural: eruvin [ʔeʁuˈvin]) is a ritual enclosure that some Jewish communities, and especially Orthodox Jewish communities, construct in their neighborhoods as a way to permit Jewish residents or visitors to carry certain objects outside their own homes on Sabbath and Yom Kippur.

Devekut, debekuth, deveikuth or deveikus (Heb. דבקות; Mod. Heb. "dedication", traditionally "clinging on" to God) is a Jewish concept referring to closeness to God.

Mossad (Hebrew: הַמוֹסָד‎‎, IPA: [ha moˈsad]; Arabic: الموساد‎‎, al-Mōsād; literally meaning "the Institute"), short for HaMossad leModiʿin uleTafkidim Meyuḥadim (Hebrew: המוסד למודיעין ולתפקידים מיוחדים‎‎, meaning "Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations"), is the national intelligence agency of Israel.

In Abrahamic religions, the Messiah or Messias (Hebrew: מָשִׁיחַ‎, translit. māšîaḥ‎; Greek: μεσσίας, translit. messías) is a saviour or liberator of a group of people, more specifically, the Jewish people.

Gilgul/Gilgul neshamot/Gilgulei Ha Neshamot (Heb. גלגול הנשמות, Plural: גלגולים Gilgulim) describes a Kabbalistic concept of reincarnation.

Etrog (plural: etrogim, Hebrew: אֶתְרוֹג) is the yellow citron or Citrus medica used by Jewish people during the week-long holiday of Sukkot, as one of the four species.

Kochos/Kochot haNefesh (Hebrew: כוחות הנפש‎‎ from nephesh-"soul"), meaning "Powers of the Soul", are the innate constituent character-aspects within the soul, in Hasidic thought's psychological internalisation of Kabbalah.

Kollel Ohr Yosef is an institute of rabbinic study in Ontario, Canada, serving the Thornhill and northern Toronto communities.

Kedma is a 2002 Israeli film directed by Amos Gitai and starring Andrei Kashkar and Helena Yaralova.

The Hebrew term Chumash (also Ḥumash; Hebrew: חומש‎‎, pronounced [χuˈmaʃ] or pronounced [ħuˈmaʃ] or Yiddish: pronounced [ˈχʊməʃ]) is a Torah in printed form (i.e. codex) as opposed to a Torah scroll.

Kadosh (Hebrew: קדוש‎‎) (lit. Sacred) is a 1999 film by Israeli director Amos Gitai.

The asore (Hebrew: עָשׂוֹר‎‎ ʿasowr; from עשר eśer, meaning "ten") was a musical instrument "of ten strings" mentioned in the Bible.

Ayin (Hebrew: אַיִן‎‎, meaning "nothingness", related to Ain-"not") is an important concept in Kabbalah and Hasidic philosophy.

Partzufim/Partsufim (Hebrew: פרצופים‎‎, singular Partzuf, Hebrew: פרצוף‎‎), meaning Divine "Personae / Visages / Faces / Forms / Configurations", are particular reconfigured arrangements of the 10 sephirot (Divine attributes/emanations of Kabbalah) into harmonised interactions in Creation.

Da'at or Daas ("Knowledge", Hebrew: דעת [ˈdaʕaθ]) is a Hebrew word that means Knowledge.

The Gimnasia Realit or of Gimnasia Realit E.

Morenu (Hebrew: מורנו‎‎, lit. "our teacher") is a customary religious title for a Jewish man with high religious education.

HaMoked (Hebrew:המוקד, Center for the Defence of the Individual) an Israel based human rights organization founded by Dr.

Ba'al teshuvah' (Hebrew: בעל תשובה‎‎; for a woman, בעלת תשובה‎, baalat teshuva; plural, בעלי תשובה‎, baalei teshuva, "master of return [to God]"), sometimes abbreviated to BT, is a term that often refers to a Jew who turns to embrace Orthodox Judaism.

Havlagah (Hebrew: ההבלגה‎‎, "The Restraint") was a strategic policy used by the Haganah members with regard to actions taken against Arab groups who were attacking the Jewish settlement during the British Mandate of Palestine.

Simcha (Hebrew: שִׂמְחָה śimḥāʰ; Hebrew pronunciation: [simˈχa], Yiddish pronunciation: [ˈsɪmχə]) is a Hebrew word with several meanings.

Or (Hebrew: אור‎‎, lit. Light) is a political party in Israel.

A hechsher (/hɛxʃər/; Hebrew: תעודת כשרות‎‎ [ˈheχʃeʁ] "kosher approval"; plural: hechsherim) is a rabbinical product certification, qualifying items (usually foods) that conform to the requirements of halakha.

Beth Rivkah (Hebrew: בית רבקה‎‎, Bais Rivkah, lit. "House of Rebecca"), formally known as Associated Beth Rivkah Schools, is a private girls' school system affiliated with the Chabad Lubavitch Hasidic movement.

Yeridat ha-dorot (Hebrew: ירידת הדורות), meaning literally "the decline of the generations", or nitkatnu ha-dorot (נתקטנו הדורות), meaning "the diminution of the generations", is a concept in classical Rabbinic Judaism and contemporary Orthodox Judaism expressing a belief of the intellectual inferiority of subsequent, and contemporary Torah scholarship and spirituality in comparison to that of the past.

In Torah terminology, the Hebrew word zav (lit. "flow") is a state of ritual impurity arising from abnormal seminal discharge from the male sexual organ.

The Hebrew term zavah (Hebrew זבה) is a state of ritual impurity applicable to females arising from vaginal blood discharges not during the usually anticipated menstrual cycle.

Ohr ("Light" Hebrew: אור‎‎; plural: Ohros/Ohrot "Lights" Hebrew: אורות‎‎) is a central Kabbalistic term in the Jewish mystical tradition.

The brit milah (Hebrew: בְּרִית מִילָה‎‎, pronounced [bʁit miˈla]; Ashkenazi pronunciation: [bʁis ˈmilə], "covenant of circumcision"; Yiddish pronunciation: bris [bʀɪs]) is a Jewish religious male circumcision ceremony performed by a mohel ("circumciser") on the eighth day of a male infant's life.

Atzmus/Atzmut (עצמות from the Hebrew Etzem עצם) meaning "essence", is the descriptive term referred to in Kabbalah, and explored in Hasidic thought, for the Divine essence.

Sefer in Hebrew means any kind of "book" (plural s'farim).

Shavei Israel (Hebrew: שבי ישראל‎‎, Returners of Israel) is an Israeli-based Jewish organization that reaches out to Israelites around the world who are descendants of Jews in order to strengthen their connection with Israel and the Jewish people.

Talmid Chacham (Hebrew: תלמיד חכם, "wise student" ; pl. Talmidei Chachamim; in Talmudic Hebrew Talmidh Ḥakham and Talmidhe Ḥakhamin ) is an honorific title given to one well versed in Jewish law, in effect, a Torah scholar.

Kiddush HaShem (Hebrew: קידוש השם‎‎ "sanctification of the name") is a precept of Judaism.

Masbia (Hebrew: משביע‎‎, lit., "satiate") is a network of kosher soup kitchens in New York City.

Herem or cherem (Hebrew: חרם, ḥērem), as used in the Tanakh, means ‘devote’ or ‘destroy’.

Yetzirah (also known as Olam Yetsirah, עולם יצירה in Hebrew) is the third of four worlds in the Kabbalistic Tree of Life, following Atziluth and Briah and preceding Assiah.