Health economics

The cost of HIV treatment is a complicated issue because of the high cost of developing HIV treatments versus an urgent lifesaving need across cultural boundaries to access HIV treatments.

The Oregon health insurance experiment (sometimes abbreviated OHIE) was a research study looking at the effects of the 2008 Medicaid expansion in the U.

Disease burden is the impact of a health problem as measured by financial cost, mortality, morbidity, or other indicators.

Diseases of poverty is a term sometimes used to collectively describe diseases, disabilities, and health conditions that are more prevalent among the poor than among wealthier people.

Health equity refers to the study and causes of differences in the quality of health and healthcare across different populations.

A health system, also sometimes referred to as health care system or as healthcare system, is the organization of people, institutions, and resources that deliver health care services to meet the health needs of target populations.

Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society.

Socialized medicine is a term used to describe and discuss systems of universal health care: medical and hospital care for all at a nominal cost by means of government regulation of health care and subsidies derived from taxation.

Single-payer healthcare is a system in which the state, rather than private insurers, pays for all healthcare costs.

Health care spending in the United States is characterized as the most costly compared to all OECD (developed) countries, measured both per person and as a share of GDP.

National health insurance (NHI) – sometimes called statutory health insurance (SHI) – is a legally enforced scheme of health insurance that insures a national population against the costs of health care.

Unlike most markets for consumer services in the United States, the health care market generally lacks transparent market-based pricing.

Unnecessary health care (overutilization, overuse, or overtreatment) is healthcare provided with a higher volume or cost than is appropriate.