Former colonies in Africa

Northern Nigeria was a British protectorate which lasted from 1900 until 1914 and covered the northern part of what is now Nigeria.

(Main article: History of Kenya) The Colony and Protectorate of Kenya was part of the British Empire in Africa from 1920 until 1963.

The Swedish Gold Coast (Swedish: Svenska Guldkusten) was a Swedish colony founded in 1650 by Hendrik Carloff on the Gulf of Guinea in present-day Ghana in Africa.

The Portuguese Gold Coast was a Portuguese colony on the West African Gold Coast (present day Ghana) on the Gulf of Guinea.

The Dutch Gold Coast or Dutch Guinea, officially Dutch possessions on the Coast of Guinea (Dutch: Nederlandse Bezittingen ter Kuste van Guinea) was a portion of contemporary Ghana that was gradually colonized by the Dutch, beginning in 1598.

The Danish Gold Coast (Danish: Danske Guldkyst or Dansk Guinea) denotes the colonies that Denmark-Norway controlled in Africa as a part of the Gold Coast (roughly present-day southeast Ghana), which is on the petroleum and natural gas rich Gulf of Guinea.

French Togoland (French: Togo français) was a French colonial mandate in West Africa, which later became the Togolese Republic.

French Dahomey was a French colony of and a part of French West Africafrom 1904 to 1958.

The French Protectorate in Morocco (French: Protectorat français au Maroc); Arabic: حماية فرنسا في المغرب‎‎ Ḥimāyat Faransā fi-l-Maḡrib) was established by the Treaty of Fez.

The Belgian Congo (French: Congo Belge, Dutch: Belgisch-Congo) was a Belgian colony in Central Africa between 1908 and 1960 in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

British Cameroons was a British Mandate territory in British West Africa.

French Cameroons (French: Cameroun), or Cameroun, was a League of Nations Mandate territory in Equatorial Africa.

Spanish Guinea (Spanish: Guinea Española) was a set of insular and continental territories controlled by Spain since 1778 in the Gulf of Guinea and on the Bight of Bonny, in Central Africa.

Italian Eritrea was a colony of the Kingdom of Italy in the territory of present-day Eritrea.

Italian Somaliland (Italian: Somalia italiana, Arabic: الصومال الإيطالي‎‎ Al-Sumal Al-Italiy, Somali: Dhulka Talyaaniga ee Soomaaliya), also known as Italian Somalia, was a colony of the Kingdom of Italy in present-day northeastern, central and southern Somalia.

Togoland was a German protectorate in West Africa from 1884 to 1914, encompassing what is now the nation of Togo and most of what is now the Volta Region of Ghana, approximately 77,355 km² (29,867 sq mi) in size.

Basutoland was a British Crown colony established in 1884 due to the Cape Colony's inability to control the territory.

The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, also known as the Central African Federation (CAF), was a semi-independent federation of three southern African territories – the self-governing British colony of Southern Rhodesia and the British protectorates of Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland – between 1953 and 1963.

Neukamerun (German for New Cameroon) was the name of Central African territories ceded by France to Germany in 1911.

The Bechuanaland Protectorate /bɛˈtʃwɑːnəˌlænd/ was a protectorate established on 31 March 1885, by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland in southern Africa.

Portuguese Guinea (Portuguese: Guiné), called the Overseas Province of Guinea from 1951, was a West African colony of Portugal from the late 15th century until 10 September 1974, when it gained independence as Guinea-Bissau.

Southern Nigeria was a British protectorate in the coastal areas of modern-day Nigeria formed in 1900 from the union of the Niger Coast Protectorate with territories chartered by the Royal Niger Company below Lokoja on the Niger River.

The French Congo (French: Congo français) or Middle Congo (French: Moyen-Congo) was a French colony which at one time comprised the present-day area of the Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and the Central African Republic.

French Equatorial Africa (French: Afrique équatoriale française), or the AEF, was the federation of French colonial possessions in Central Africa, extending northwards from the Congo River to the Sahara, and comprising what are today the countries of Chad, the Central African Republic, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, and Gabon.

Portuguese Angola or Portuguese West Africa are the common terms by which Angola is designated when referring to the historic period when it was a Portuguese overseas territory in southwestern Africa.

The Spanish protectorate in Morocco was established on 27 November 1912 by a treaty between France and Spain that converted the Spanish sphere of influence into a formal protectorate.

The Orange River Colony was the British colony created after Britain first occupied (1900) and then annexed (1902) the independent Orange Free State in the Second Boer War.

French Algeria (French: Alger to 1839, then Algérie afterward; unofficially Algérie française, Arabic: الجزائر الفرنسية‎‎, Al-Jaza'ir al-Fransiyah) began in 1827 with the blockade of Algiers by the French navy and lasted from 1830 to 1962, under a variety of governmental systems.

Chad was a part of the French colonial empire from 1900 to 1960.

The Congo Free State (French: État indépendant du Congo, lit. "Independent State of the Congo") was a large state in Central Africa from 1885 to 1908, which was in personal union with the Kingdom of Belgium under Leopold II.

German South-West Africa (German: Deutsch-Südwestafrika, DSWA) was a colony of the German Empire from 1884 until 1915.

Tanganyika was a territory administered by the United Kingdom from 1916 until 1961.

Sagallo (Russian: Сагалло, French: Sagallou) was a short-lived Russian settlement established in 1889 on the Gulf of Tadjoura in present-day Djibouti.

Italian Libya (Italian: Libia Italiana; Arabic: ليبيا الإيطالية‎‎ Lībyā al-Īṭālīya) was a unified colony of Italian North Africa (Africa Settentrionale Italiana, or ASI) established in 1934 in what is now modern Libya.

(For the song by Foals, see Spanish Sahara (song).) Spanish Sahara (Spanish: Sáhara Español; Arabic: الصحراء الإسبانية‎‎ As-Sahrā'a Al-Isbānīyah) was the name used for the modern territory of Western Sahara when it was occupied and ruled as a territory by Spain between 1884 and 1975.

The Brandenburger Gold Coast, later Prussian Gold Coast, was a part of the Gold Coast.

Portuguese Mozambique or Portuguese East Africa (Portuguese: Moçambique or África Oriental Portuguesa) are the common terms by which Mozambique is designated when referring to the historic period when it was a Portuguese overseas territory.

French Somaliland (French: Côte française des Somalis, lit. "French Coast of Somalis"; Somali: Dhulka Soomaaliyeed ee Faransiiska; was a French colony in the Horn of Africa. It existed between 1883 and 1967.

French Sudan (French: Soudan Français; Arabic: السودان الفرنسي‎‎ as-Sūdān al-Faransī) was a French colonial territory in the federation of French West Africa from around 1880 until 1960, when it became the independent state of Mali.

Ruanda-Urundi was a territory in the African Great Lakes region, once part of German East Africa, which was ruled by Belgium between 1916 and 1962.

São Tomé and Príncipe islands were a colony of the Portuguese Empire from its discovery in 1470 until 1975, when independence was granted by Portugal.

Cape Verde was a colony of the Portuguese Empire from the initial settlement of the Cape Verde Islands in 1462 until the independence of Cape Verde in 1975.

The Colony of Natal was a British colony in south-eastern Africa.

British Bechuanaland was a short lived crown colony of the United Kingdom that existed in southern Africa from its formation on 1 Sep 1885 until its annexation to the neighbouring Cape Colony on 16 Nov 1895.

The Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies (French: Colonie de Madagascar et dépendances) was a French colony off the coast of Southeast Africa between 1897 and 1958.

Spanish West Africa (Spanish: África Occidental Española) is a former possession in the western Sahara Desert that Spain ruled after giving much of its former northwestern African possessions to Morocco.

Isle de France (or more accurately Île de France) was the name of the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius and its dependent territories between 1715 and 1810, when the area was under the French East India Company and part of France's empire.

The French protectorate of Tunisia (French: Protectorat français de Tunisie; Arabic: الحماية الفرنسية في تونس‎‎ al-Ḥimāya al-Fransīya fī Tūnis) was established in 1881, during the French colonial Empire era, and lasted until Tunisian independence in 1956.

Annobón Province is a small province of Equatorial Guinea consisting of the island of Annobón and its associated islets in the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean's Cameroon Line.

Mauritius was an official settlement of the Dutch East India Company on the island of Mauritius between 1638 and 1710, and used a refreshing station for passing ships.