Economic history of the Holy See

Nicola Canali (6 June 1874 – 3 August 1961) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

On 18 November 1302, Pope Boniface VIII issued the Papal bull Unam sanctam which some historians consider one of the most extreme statements of Papal spiritual supremacy ever made.

Bernardino of Siena, (also known as Bernardine; 8 September 1380 – 20 May 1444) was an Italian priest, Franciscan missionary.

Raymond of Penyafort, O.

Geoffrey of Trani (? in Trano, Apulia – 1245) was an Italian jurist, known as a canon lawyer.

Giacomo Antonelli (April 2, 1806 – November 6, 1876) was an Italian cardinal deacon.

Egidio Vagnozzi (26 February 1906 – 26 December 1980) was an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church.

Angelo Dell'Acqua (9 December 1903 – 27 August 1972) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Vicar General of Rome from 1968 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1967.

Paul Marcinkus (/mɑːrˈsɪŋkəs/) (January 15, 1922 – February 20, 2006) was an American archbishop of the Roman Catholic Church.

Edmund Casimir Szoka (September 14, 1927 – August 20, 2014) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.

Giuseppe Caprio (15 November 1914 – 15 October 2005), was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

Annates (Latin: annatae, from annus, "year") were a payment from the recipient of an ecclesiastical benefice to the ordaining authorities.

The Latin Monetary Union (LMU) was a 19th-century attempt to unify several European currencies into a single currency that could be used in all the member states, at a time when most national currencies were still made out of gold and silver.

The Blessed Bernardine of Feltre (sometimes Bernardinus of Feltre) was a Friar Minor and missionary, b.

The Liber Censuum Romanæ Ecclesiæ (Latin for "Census Book of the Roman Church"; also referred to as the Codex of Cencius) is an eighteen-volume (originally) financial record of the real estate revenues of the papacy from 492 to 1192.

A mount of piety is an institutional pawnbroker run as a charity in Europe from the Late Middle Ages times till today, more often referred to by the relevant local term, such as monte di pietà (Italian), mont de piété (French) or monte de piedad (Spanish).

Bernardino Nogara (June 17, 1870 — November 15, 1958) was the financial advisor to the Vatican between 1929 and 1954, appointed by Pope Pius XI and retained by Pope Pius XII as the first Director of the Special Administration of the Holy See.

Banco Ambrosiano was an Italian bank that collapsed in 1982.

Ludovico Trevisan (November 1401 – March 22, 1465) was an Italian catholic prelate, who was the Chamberlain of the Apostolic Camera, Patriarch of Aquileia and Captain General of the Church.

Henry of Segusio, usually called Hostiensis, (c. 1200 – 6 or 7 November 1271) was an Italian canonist of the thirteenth century, born at Susa (Segusio), in the ancient Diocese of Turin.