2023-08-31T00:47:54+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>directly relax smooth muscle in arterioles and veins; causing vasodilation</p>, <p>baroreceptor/SNS activation increase HR/CO; water retention via RAAS</p>, <p>intracellular concentration concentration of Ca++</p>, <p>d</p>, <p>decrease in sinus node pacemaker rate; decrease in AV node conduction velocity </p>, <p>long-acting muscle relaxation</p>, <p>arterioles; orthostatic hypotension</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>-pine suffix </p>, <p>diltiazem, verapamil </p>, <p>a</p>, <p>can block tachycardias; short half-life, not good for HTN</p>, <p>peripheral edema, reflex tachycardia </p>, <p>bradycardia, av node block, depressed contractility </p>, <p>reduced reflex responses </p>, <p>c</p>, <p> interferes with calcium metabolism and movement across membranes; decreasing intracellular Ca++ release</p>, <p>with nitrates in HF patients, African Americans w resistant HTN, severe HTN in pregnancy </p>, <p>a,c</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>c</p>, <p>c</p>, <p>opens K+ channels on smooth muscle membrane to stabilize resting membrane potential and decrease contraction</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>sodium nitroprusside </p>, <p>b</p>, <p>c</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>excessive bp lowering, accumulation of cyanide</p>, <p>sodium thiosulfate</p>, <p>bradycardia, conduction defections, HF via systolic dysfunction</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>c</p>, <p>d</p> flashcards
Direct Vasodilators

Direct Vasodilators

Customize
collection saved
Share
Long Term Learning Spaced Repetition
Add to Long Term Learning Desk
Fast learning Repeat this set of flashcards
Preview Test Spell
Play
Match
Review

  • directly relax smooth muscle in arterioles and veins; causing vasodilation

    Vasodilators MOA?

  • baroreceptor/SNS activation increase HR/CO; water retention via RAAS

    What are compensatory events that occur with Vasodilators? (2)

  • intracellular concentration concentration of Ca++

    Contraction of Vascular Smooth Muscle depends on the free ____________.

  • d

    What type of calcium channels are found in smooth muscle?

    a) N-Type

    b) T-Type

    c) M-type

    d) L-type

  • decrease in sinus node pacemaker rate; decrease in AV node conduction velocity

    How do Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB) reduce the contractility of the heart? (2)

  • long-acting muscle relaxation

    How do Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB) affect smooth muscle?

  • arterioles; orthostatic hypotension

    _______ are more sensitive than veins. Therefore ________ is not a common AE.

  • a

    Which has a greater effect on the VSM?

    a) dihydropyridines

    b) non-DHPs

  • b

    Which decreases VSM and rate/contractility of the heart?

    a) dihydropyridines

    b) non-DHPs

  • b

    If _______ were given with a beta blocker would further magnify the negative inotropic effects; Contraindicated

    a) dihydropyridines

    b) non-DHPs

  • -pine suffix

    How can we tell our DHPs apart?

  • diltiazem, verapamil

    What are the Non-DHPs? (2)

  • a

    Which can actually cause an increase in heart rate due to sympathetic reflex?

    a) dihydropyridines

    b) non-DHPs

  • can block tachycardias; short half-life, not good for HTN

    What are the Pros/Cons associated with non-DHPs?

  • peripheral edema, reflex tachycardia

    AE's of DHPs? (2)

  • bradycardia, av node block, depressed contractility

    AE's of non-DHPs?

  • reduced reflex responses

    Why are Long-acting DHPs safer than normal DHPs?

  • c

    Constipation is common with _______.

    a) amlodipine

    b) felodipine

    c) verapamil

    d) dilitazem

  • interferes with calcium metabolism and movement across membranes; decreasing intracellular Ca++ release

    Hydralazine MOA?

  • with nitrates in HF patients, African Americans w resistant HTN, severe HTN in pregnancy

    When is Hydralazine useful? (3)

  • a,c

    Which decreases arteriole contraction?

    a) hydralazine

    b) sodium nitroprusside

    c) minoxidil

    d) amlodipine

  • a

    Which experiences a high first-pass metabolism with low-bioavailability?

    a) hydralazine

    b) sodium nitroprusside

    c) minoxidil

    d) amlodipine

  • a

    Which can cause drug-induced lupus?

    a) hydralazine

    b) sodium nitroprusside

    c) minoxidil

    d) amlodipine

  • c

    Which one is a prodrug?

    a) hydralazine

    b) sodium nitroprusside

    c) minoxidil

    d) amlodipine

  • c

    Which one must be used with a B-Blocker AND Diuretic?

    a) hydralazine

    b) sodium nitroprusside

    c) minoxidil

    d) amlodipine

  • opens K+ channels on smooth muscle membrane to stabilize resting membrane potential and decrease contraction

    minoxodil moa?

  • b

    Which is used for hypertensive emergencies and HF?

    a) hydralazine

    b) sodium nitroprusside

    c) minoxidil

    d) amlodipine

  • b

    Which dilates arterial and venous vessels?

    a) hydralazine

    b) sodium nitroprusside

    c) minoxidil

    d) amlodipine

  • b

    Which releases Nitric Oxide?

    a) hydralazine

    b) sodium nitroprusside

    c) minoxidil

    d) amlodipine

  • sodium nitroprusside

    -activates guanylyl cyclase; increasing the amount of cGMP

  • b

    Which has NO compensatory increase in CO?

    a) hydralazine

    b) sodium nitroprusside

    c) minoxidil

    d) amlodipine

  • c

    Which has the greatest compensatory increase in CO?

    a) hydralazine

    b) sodium nitroprusside

    c) minoxidil

    d) amlodipine

  • b

    Which is given IV because it is short-acting?

    a) hydralazine

    b) sodium nitroprusside

    c) minoxidil

    d) amlodipine

  • excessive bp lowering, accumulation of cyanide

    AE's of sodium nitroprusside? (2)

  • sodium thiosulfate

    What can we give to counter-act cyanide when giving Sodium Nitroprusside?

  • bradycardia, conduction defections, HF via systolic dysfunction

    What are the Contraindications of DHPs/non-DHPs? (3)

  • a

    Which blocks calcium channels?

    a) nifedipine

    b) hydralazine

    c) minoxodil

    d) nitroprusside/ nitrates

  • b

    Which decreases intracellular calcium levels?

    a) nifedipine

    b) hydralazine

    c) minoxodil

    d) nitroprusside/ nitrates

  • c

    Which causes hyperpolarization through the opening of potassium channels?

    a) nifedipine

    b) hydralazine

    c) minoxodil

    d) nitroprusside/ nitrates

  • d

    Which causes the release of nitric oxide?

    a) nifedipine

    b) hydralazine

    c) minoxodil

    d) nitroprusside/ nitrates