Diptera

leading cause of blindness in places such as Africa and Asia

lotic habitats

swollen abdomen

attach to the substrate

prothoracic proleg

filter feeders

univoltine

multivolten

Non-medically important

Resemble chironomid larvae

lack prolegs and have three pairs of long caudal filaments

-single, broad anterior

-dorsally sclerotized segments

-feed on diatoms

-Cylindrotomidae (2 gen., 5 spp.)

-Limoniidae (40 gen., + 627 spp. Many genera previously recognized in older definition of family

-Tipulidae now in this family)

-Pediciidae (4 gen., +140 spp.)

-Tipulidae – (previously had 34 gen., +573 spp., but as of 2019 has been redefined and contains only 7 gen. and +234 spp.)

- Larvae differ from those of other Nematocera by having the posterior portion of the head capsule incompletely sclerotized

-While most aquatic larvae are found in lotic habitats, larvae in a few genera inhabit shallow lentic habitats.

Poorly developed head capsules

They more maggot-like

-Ephydridae (73 gen., 465 spp.) [Muscomorpha]

-Muscidae (~ 7 gen., 271 spp.) [Muscomorpha]

-Sciomyzidae (20 gen., 175 spp.) [Muscomorpha]

-Syrphidae (~ 11gen., 125 spp.) [Muscomorpha]

Eggs laid on vegetation

univoltine

wrinkly body

prolegs

dance to get mates

sure flies

live in toxic pools filled with petroleum

They feed on organic matter

lay eggs on the surface of the water

streams, marshes, or ponds

ventral prolegs on the last abdominal segment

Eggs laid in algae or debris

wrinkly body

rings that form like lobes

predators or parasitoids of snails, slugs, or fingernail clams

oviposit on host

lentic habitats

Solider flies

flat larva

rough surface body

calcium in body give them the hard texture

larva hang invertid on water surface

Very long respiratory tudes

Found in wetlands

Very resistant cuticles

best found in late fall

overwinter and emerge in sringtime

univoltin

Spindle-shaped body

circle ring-like lumps that are round the body

important vector of diseases dangerous to humans and animals

univoltine