Dietary supplements

Dietary fiber or roughage is the indigestible portion of food derived from plants.

Chlorophyllin refers to any one of a group of closely related water-soluble salts that are semi-synthetic derivatives of chlorophyll, differing in the identity of the cations associated with the anion.

Glutamine (abbreviated as Gln or Q; encoded by the codons CAA and CAG) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

Diosmin is a flavone, a member of the flavonoid family.

Tryptophan (abbreviated as Trp or W; encoded by the codon UGG) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

Biotin is a water-soluble B-vitamin, also called vitamin B7 and formerly known as vitamin H or coenzyme R.

Phosphatidylserine (abbreviated Ptd-L-Ser or PS) is a phospholipid and is a component of the cell membrane.

A dietary supplement is intended to provide nutrients that may otherwise not be consumed in sufficient quantities.

Soylent is an open source (1.4–1.6) meal replacement, advertised as a "staple meal", available in liquid and powdered forms as a beverage, and as a solid-form meal bar.

Gelatin or gelatine (from Latin: gelatus meaning "stiff", "frozen") is a translucent, colorless, brittle (when dry), flavorless food derived from collagen obtained from various animal raw materials.

Colostrum (known colloquially as beestings, bisnings or first milk) is a form of milk produced by the mammary glands of mammals (including humans) in late pregnancy.

Choline (/ˈkoʊlin/) is a water-soluble vitamin.

Lycopene from the neo-Latin lycopersicum, the tomato species, is a bright red carotene and carotenoid pigment and phytochemical found in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as red carrots, watermelons, gac, and papayas, although not in strawberries, or cherries.

5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), also known as oxitriptan (INN), is a naturally occurring amino acid and chemical precursor as well as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin from tryptophan.

Earl Lawrence Mindell is a Canadian-American writer and nutritionist who is a strong advocate of nutrition as preventive medicine and homeopathy.

Dimethylglycine is a derivative of the amino acid glycine with the structural formula (CH3)2NCH2COOH.

Essentiale (polyenylphosphatidylcholine or PPC, with or without synergistic vitamins) is a preparation of essential phospholipids.

Dehydroepiandrosterone/dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA, more correctly didehydroepiandrosterone), also known as androstenolone as well as 3β-hydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one or 5-androsten-3β-ol-17-one, is an endogenous steroid hormone.

Papain, also known as papaya proteinase I, is a cysteine protease (EC 3.4.22.2) enzyme present in papaya (Carica papaya) and mountain papaya (Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis).

Sodium selenite is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2SeO3.

Genistein is an angiogenesis inhibitor and a phytoestrogen and belongs to the category of isoflavones.

Policosanol is the generic term for a mixture of long chain alcohols extracted from plant waxes.

S-Adenosyl methionine is a common cosubstrate involved in methyl group transfers, transsulfuration, and aminopropylation.

Royal jelly is a honey bee secretion that is used in the nutrition of larvae, as well as adult queens.

Carnitine is an amino acid derivative and nutrient involved in lipid (fat) metabolism in mammals and other eukaryotes.

Creatine (/ˈkriːətiːn/ or /ˈkriːətɪn/) is a nitrogenous organic acid that occurs naturally in vertebrates and helps to supply energy to all cells in the body, primarily muscle.

Linseed oil, also known as flaxseed oil, is a colourless to yellowish oil obtained from the dried, ripened seeds of the flax plant (Linum usitatissimum).

Copper gluconate is the copper salt of D-gluconic acid.

Glucosamine (C6H13NO5) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids.

Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2SO2.

Mellin's Food Company was a maker of Mellin's Food for Infants and Invalids in Boston, Massachusetts.

Pyridoxamine is one form of vitamin B6.

PowerBar, Inc. is an American maker of energy bars and other related products (particularly sports drinks, gel-based foodstuffs for distance athletes, and the Pria bars targeted at women.

Reliv International, Inc.

Zinc gluconate (also called zincum gluconicum) is the zinc salt of gluconic acid.

Chromium(III) picolinate (CrPic3) is a chemical compound sold as a nutritional supplement to treat type 2 diabetes and promote weight loss.

L-Alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine (alpha-GPC, choline alfoscerate) is a natural choline compound found in the brain.

Ganoderma sichuanense is a flat polypore mushroom of the genus Ganoderma.

Lonicera japonica, the Japanese honeysuckle (suikazura スイカズラ／吸い葛 or 忍冬 in Japanese; jinyinhua 金银花 or rendongteng 忍冬藤 in Chinese, 인동 or 겨우살이덩굴 in Korean) is a species of honeysuckle native to eastern Asia including China, Japan and Korea.

Boost Buddy is an Irish supplier of personalised vitamins and minerals (multivitamins) specially targeted to Generation Y.

BioSteel Sports Nutrition Inc.

Functional chewing gum is the name given to types of chewing gum which impart some practical function instead of, or in addition to, the usual enjoyment provided by a traditional chewing gum as a confectionery product.

GU Energy Labs is a company based in Berkeley, California, that produces performance sports nutrition products, most notably energy gels.

Ganoderma tsugae, also known as Hemlock varnish shelf, is a flat polypore mushroom of the genus Ganoderma.

Lactobacillus brevis is a gram-positive, rod shaped species of lactic acid bacteria, there are approximately 16 different strains.

L-Arginine ethyl ester or LAE is an alternative supplement form of the conditionally-essential amino acid arginine bound to an ethyl ester.

Porphyridium cruentum is a species of red alga in the family Porphyridiophyceae.

Senna obtusifolia (Chinese senna, American sicklepod or sicklepod) is a legume in the genus Senna, sometimes separated in the monotypic genus Diallobus.

Anisodus is a genus of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae.

Fish oil is oil derived from the tissues of oily fish.

Angelica sinensis, commonly known as dong quai or "female ginseng" is a herb from the family Apiaceae, indigenous to China.

Slow Cow is a relaxation beverage produced in Quebec, Canada by the company Slow Cow Drink Inc.

The Protein Works is a British online retailer and manufacturer of sports nutrition brand, based in Cheshire, England.

Usana Health Sciences, Inc.

Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) is a derivative of citric acid that is found in a variety of tropical plants including Garcinia cambogia and Hibiscus subdariffa.

BDTH2 (also called BDET and BDETH2; trade names B9, MetX and OSR#1) is an organosulfur compound that is used as a chelation agent.

Huel is a nutritional powdered food that is intended to provide all of the body's daily needs in terms of vitamins, minerals, fats, proteins and carbohydrates.

Goji, goji berry or wolfberry is the fruit of Lycium barbarum (simplified Chinese: 宁夏枸杞; traditional Chinese: 寧夏枸杞; pinyin: Níngxià gǒuqǐ) and Lycium chinense (pinyin: gǒuqǐ), two closely related species of boxthorn in the nightshade family, Solanaceae.

Bromelain is a protein extract derived from the stems of pineapples, although it exists in all parts of the fresh plant and fruit.

Anisodus tanguticus is a species of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae which includes many important agricultural plants.

Protandim is a patented dietary supplement marketed by LifeVantage Corporation (NASDAQ: LFVN; formerly LifeLine Therapeutics, Lifeline Nutraceuticals, and Yaak River Resources, Inc), a Utah-based multi-level marketing company.

Pharmavite, LLC is a dietary supplements company based in Northridge, California.

Zinc L-aspartate, often simply called zinc aspartate, is a chelated zinc supplement.

Cyanotech Corporation is a micro-algae producing company leasing land in the Natural Energy Lab of Hawaii on the Kona Coast of the island of Hawaii.

Myprotein is a British manufacturer of sports nutrition products based in Cheshire, United Kingdom.

(Not to be confused with β-Hydroxybutyric acid.) β-Hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid (HMB), otherwise known as its conjugate base, β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (hydroxymethylbutyrate, HMB), is a naturally occurring metabolite in humans that is used as an ingredient in medical foods and sold as a dietary supplement.

Spirulina is a cyanobacterium (blue-green algae) that can be consumed by humans and other animals.

Cycloastragenol is a molecule isolated from various species in the genus Astragalus that is purported to have telomerase activation activity.

Herbal Magic is a Canadian weight loss and nutrition company based in Toronto, Ontario.

The Natural Products Association or NPA (formerly the NNFA, or the National Nutritional Foods Association) is the largest and oldest nonprofit organization representing the interests of manufacturers and retailers of the natural products industry, which includes organic and health foods, dietary supplements, natural ingredient cosmetics, and other similar products.

Sodium ferulate (SF), the sodium salt of ferulic acid, is a drug used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and to prevent thrombosis.

Acetyl-L-carnitine, ALCAR or ALC, is an acetylated form of L-carnitine.

Rehmannia is a genus of six species of flowering plants in the order Lamiales, endemic to China.

Cetyl myristoleate is a chemical compound which is a type of fatty acid ester or, more specifically, a cetylated fatty acid (CFA).

Chromium(III) nicotinate is an ionic substance used for chromium supplementation in some nutritional products, where it is also referred to as chromium polynicotinate.

Clif Bar & Company is an American company that produces organic foods and drinks.

Dianazene was the name given by L.

Hadacol was a patent medicine marketed as a vitamin supplement.

Magnesium malate, the magnesium salt of malic acid, is a mineral supplement.