175 cards
academicrockclimberCST Final Practice Exam 1
68D Phase II Final Practice Exam (Not correct version, but good practice).
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What structure is located in the alveolar processes?teeth
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Which of the following is the wound classification for a bronchoscopy? A) clean B) contaminated C) dirty and infected D) clean contaminatedClean-contaminated procedures include those when the aerodigestive tract is entered. The bronchoscope is inserted through the mouth and into the bronchial tubes. The procedure is considered clean, not sterile.
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The enzyme used to soften the zonules of the lens before cataract surgery is?alpha-chymotrypsin Alpha-chymotrypsin is a solution used to soften the zonules holding the lens before cataract surgery to ease extraction of the lens.
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How should the stretcher be oriented when necessary to use an elevator to transport a patient to the OR?enter head first, exit feet first The patient should be placed in the elevator entering head first and exit feet first when being transported to the OR on the stretcher.
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What is the curved, transverse incision across the lower abdomen frequently used in gynecological surgery?Pfannenstiel Pfannenstiel's incision is a curved transverse incision across the lower abdomen and used frequently in gynecologic surgery.
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When perforated metal trays are placed on the shelves of the steam sterilizing cart, they should be positioned?flat Metal trays that are perforated or have a mesh bottom should be placed on the sterilizing cart flat.
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Hyperkalemia is a high concentration of?Potassium Potassium plays four important roles: influences the electrical excitability of cells; the amount of potassium in cells affects cell volume; potassium balance is important in maintaining the acid-base balance; the amount of potassium in cells affects cell metabolism. Hyperkalemia, an abnormal level of potassium, can be life threatening, causing cardiac irregularities.
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Which tissue is cut using curved Mayo scissors?fascia Curved Mayo scissors are large scissors, with thick blades used to cut tough tissue, such as fascia, tendons, and muscle.
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What laser beam can travel through clear tissues without heating them?Argon The argon laser beam can travel through clear fluids and tissues.
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Permission for treatment given with full knowledge of the risks is a/an?informed consent Informed consent must be obtained from the patient before any invasive procedure can be performed. it protects the patient because it verifies that he/she understands the condition to be treated and the intervention to be performed.
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Which portion of the stomach surrounds the lower esophageal sphincter?cardia The cardia is the portion of the stomach that surrounds the superior opening of the stomach.
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Low level disinfectants kill most microbes, but do not destroy what?spores Low level disinfectants kill most types of bacteria and some fungi and viruses, but do not kill spores and M.tuberculosis
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Syndactyly refers to?webbed fingers
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The surgical pack utilized to create the sterile field should be opened on the?backtable
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The islets of Langerhans secrete?insulin The islets of Langerhans secrete glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide.
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What type of procedure would involve the removal of teeth?Extractions The removal of a tooth or teeth is an extraction procedure. The resection of the soft tissue and excision of the bone surrounding the tooth prior to the removal is called odontectomy.
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Which organism is a normal resident flora of the intestinal tract?Escherichia Coli Escherichia coli is a gram negative rod that is part of the normal flora of the intestinal tract of humans and is also an opportunistic bacteria.
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Where should the first scrub surgical technologist stand when handing towels to the surgeon to square off an incision site?same side as surgeon When using four towels for squaring off the incision site, the first towel will be passed when standing on the same side as the surgeon.
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A properly performed surgical scrub renders the skin?surgically clean
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Where do the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct empty?Ampulla of Vater
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What identifiers must be verified by the patient or their ID bracelet prior to transporting a patient to the OR?Name, DOB, and physician
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What are spiral shaped bacteria called?spirilli
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The primary function of the gallbladder is to?store bile The gallbladder stores bile until it is needed in the small intestine.
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Which of the following is a non-sterile member of the surgical team? A) surgeon B) circulator C) surgical assistant D) surgical technologistcirculator
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Which of the following is not a benefit of using surface mounted sliding doors for access to the operating room? A) uses less space for opening B) aid in controlling temperature C) eliminate air turbulence D) provides for thorough cleaningaid in controlling temperature Sliding doors are usually used in the OR because they eliminate air currents caused by swinging doors, but a disadvantage is they do not aid in controlling OR temperature.
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What are the three factors for reducing ionizing radiation exposure?time, shielding, distance
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Which is the first part of the small intestine?duodenum The duodenum starts at the pyloric sphincter of the stomach.
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What is the surgical position frequently used for patients undergoing kidney surgery?lateral The surgical position frequently used for patients undergoing kidney surgery is the lateral position with the operative site exposed.
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How are rickettsiae transmitted?arthropod bites Most rickettsiae are obligated intracellular parasites. They are usually transmitted by arthropod vectors.
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Which of the following is an examination of the cervix using a binocular microscope? A) Colposcopy B) Laparoscopy C) Urethroscopy D)Hysteroscopycolposcopy A binocular microscope is used during an examination of the vagina called a colposcopy. Colpo is a word root that means vagina.
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Compression of the heart from excessive fluid or blood buildup is called?tamponade Tamponade is the compression of the heart due to a collection of blood or fluid within the pericardium.
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Which surgical team member determines when the patient can be transported from the OR to the PACU?anesthesia provider
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Which suffix means surgical puncture to remove fluid?-centesis
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To which portion of the colon is the appendix attached?cecum
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Which laboratory test determines bacterial identification?gram stain A gram stain determines the shape and grouping characteristics of bacteria
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Medication used to dilate the pupil is called?Mydriatics Mydriatics are used to dilate the pupil for examination of the retina, refraction testing, or easier removal of the lens.
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Which of the following drapes is non-fenestrated? A) laparotomy B) u-drape C) transverse D) craniotomyU-drape A u-drape is a type of nonfenestrated split sheet. The tails are created by a U-shape in the center of the drape.
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Under what circumstances would it be appropriate to remove a patient's identification bracelet?never until patient is discharged from facility
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What is the position most commonly used for mitral valve replacement?supine
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Which laser is best used during a vitrectomy?Argon The argon laser is used because the beam travels through clear tissues without heating it, making it ideal for use on retinal disorders.
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Which of the following monitors provides positive assurance of sterility? A) clerical B) mechanical C) biological D) chemicalbiological The biological indicator (BI) contains Bacillus stearothermophilus which is killed when exposed to steam sterilization conditions. The BI is the only test that guarantees sterility.
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The apron like structure attached to the greater curvature of the stomach is the?omentum The greater omentum is an apron like structure that lies over the intestines.
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Which microbes live without oxygen?anaerobes
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Which of the following is an abnormal tract between two epithelium lined surfaces that is open at both ends?fistula A fistula is an abnormal tract that is open at both ends; it most often develops after bladder, bowel and pelvic procedures.
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What is the action of antagonist drugs?counteract the action of another drug An antagonist drug neutralizes or impedes the action of another drug, that is, reverses its effects.
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Which of the following directional terms describes the type of skin prep of an entire extremity?circumferential
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What organs are excised if an ovarian tumor is malignant?bilateral fallopian tubes and ovaries, uterus If a tumor of an ovary is found to be malignant, the surgeon will excise both ovaries, both fallopian tubes, and the uterus to ensure that all cancer cells have been removed.
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Which term refers to an abnormal thoracic curve of the spine referred to as "hunchback?"kyphosis
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What is the medical term for a bunion?hallux valgus Hallux valgus is the medical term for a bunion, which is a bony exostosis located on the medial side of the first metatarsal head of the big toe.
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What incision is also known as a lower oblique?Inguinal
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The small intestine attaches to the posterior abdominal wall by the?Mesentery The mesentery binds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall.
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What is the term for a relationship in which two organisms occupy the same area and one organism benefits while the other is unharmed?commensalism
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A topical steroid used to reduce inflammation after eye surgery is?Depo-Medrol Methylprednisolone acetate (Depo-Medrol) is a steroid used topically to diminish inflammation after opthalmic surgery.
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How is the surgical informed consent signed if an adult patient is illiterate?Patient marks with an "X" and witness verifies
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What direction should the stretcher be oriented when transporting a patient to the OR department?feet first, side rails up The direction of the stretcher should be oriented feet first, side rails up when a patient is being transported to the OR on the stretcher.
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Which of the following routine preoperative laboratory studies would be ordered for premenopausal women with no history of hysterectomy?HCG Blood or a urine sample should be given preoperatively by a premenopausal woman to check for human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) which is an indicator for pregnancy.
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Which portion of the surgical gown is considered non-sterile? A) outside closure ties B) two inches below neckline to table level C) upper arms, neckline and axillary region D) sleeves; two inches above the elbows to the cuffsupper arms, neckline and axillary region
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What is the name of the urinary catheter with a small, curved tapered tip used on patients with urethral strictures?coude
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What is the surgical position commonly used for thyroid and gallbladder surgery?reverse trendelenburg The Reverse trendelenburg position provides good exposure of the operative site for a thyroidectomy and allows the viscera to fall away or toward the feet to provide better exposure of the gallbladder.
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A congenital defect in which the fetal blood vessel between the pulmonary artery and aorta does not close is?patent ductus arteriosus Patent ductus arteriosus is a congenital defect when the fetal blood vessel between the pulmonary artery and aorta does not close.
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Which of the following is a commonly used preservative for tissue specimens?formalin Formalin is the most common preservative solution that tissue specimens are placed in.
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What is the first step taken for an incorrect sponge count?notify surgeon The surgeon should be immediately notified and a recount completed.
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The mumps may be diagnosed by finding inflammation in which of the following glands?parotid The parotid glands are located inferior and anterior to the ears between the skin and masseter muscle. The parotid glands are attacked by the mumps virus.
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What institutional document is completed when an adverse or unusual event takes place in the OR that may have legal consequences for the staff or patient?incident report An event/incident report is completed by members of the surgical team that are witness to any unusual or adverse event that affected the care provided to the surgical patient.
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For which procedure would Trendelenburg position provide optimal visualization? A) Cholecystectomy B) Hysterectomy C) Thyroidectomy D) AcromioplastyHysterectomy The Trendelenburg position is best used for pelvic and lower abdominal procedures, such as an abdominal hysterectomy. The position allows the viscera to fall away or toward the head for better exposure of the operative site.
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Which of the following is a nonadherent dressing? A) kling B) adaptic C) collodion D) elastoplastadaptic Adaptic is a type of nonadherent dressing that can be used as the inner layer of a three layer dressing.
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Which of the following is a fenestrated drape? A) incise B) U-drape C) Aperture D) Half-sheetAperture A fenestrated drape is a drape with an opening, such as an aperture drape commonly used to drape eyes.
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Which of the following terms describes a hernia that occurs within Hesselbach's triangle?direct Hernias that occur within Hesselbach's triangle and do not have a sac are a direct inguinal hernia.
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Which of the following incisions is oblique? A) Epigastric B) Kocher C) Paramedian D) PfannenstielKocher The kocher is a type of oblique incision used for exposing the biliary tract (right side) or spleen (left side).
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Which of the following dilators are used in the common duct? A) Pratt B) Van Buren C) Bakes D) Hegarbakes Bakes common duct dilators are used to dilate the common bile duct during an exploration for gallstones.
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Which of the following is a mechanical method of hemostasis? A) Laser B) Ligature C) Thrombin D) Electrosurgeryligature Ligature, also called ties or stick ties when a needle is attached, are strands of suture material used to tie off a blood vessel to stop bleeding
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The organ that is connected by a duct to to the duodenum is the?pancreas The pancreas lies posterior to the greater curvature of the stomach; its ducts join the CBD to form the ampulla of Vater.
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A brain tumor causing alteration of muscle tone, voluntary muscle coordination, gait and balance would likely be located in the?cerebellum The functions of the cerebellum include regulating the initiation and termination of voluntary movements of the body, regulating the msucle tone that is necessary for body movements and controlling the subconscious contractions of skeletal muscles.
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What is the term for a relationship that benefits one organism at the expense of another?parasitism
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What type of disease is characterized by rapid onset and a rapid recovery?acute
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Which organelle is responsible for the production of energy?mitochondria Mitochondria produce energy rich ATP
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What type of anesthesia is a combination of inhalation and intravenous drugs?balanced Balanced anesthesia is a combination of inhalation and intravenous drugs. It is also known as neuroleptanesthesia.
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Who is ultimately responsible for obtaining the surgical informed consent?surgeon
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What position is most commonly used for neurosurgical procedures?supine The most commonly used position for neurosurgical procedures is supine since it allows exposure to the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes.
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The outer layer of the intestine is the?serosa The serosa is the outermost layer of most portions of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Which of the following solutions should be used to prep the donor site for a split thickness skin graft?Chlorhexidine The donor site should be scrubbed with a colorless antiseptic solution, such as chlorhexidine gluconate, to allow the surgeon the ability to evaluate the vascularity of the graft postoperatively.
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What type of drape would be used for a flank procedure?transverse When the patient is placed in the lateral position, and a flank incision is made, a transverse drape will be used.
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Where should the safety strap be placed on a patient who is in the supine position? A) below the knees B) across the waist C) over the thighs D) across the abdomenover the thighs
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Which surgical procedure is performed to correct an abnormality in which the urethral meatus is situated on the superior aspect of the penis? A) hypospadias repair B) epispadias repair C) meatotomy D) ureteroneocystostomyepispadias repair An epispadias repair is performed to correct the congenital absence of the anterior wall of the urethra and abnormal location of the urethral orifice on the dorsum of the penis.
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Which thermal method of hemostasis utilizes intense, focused light? A) laser B) bipolar C) harmonic D) monopolarlaser The laser provides an intense and concentrated beam of light.
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What is the most common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage?Hypertension
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The larynx is located between the?pharynx and trachea The larynx is a small passageway between the pharynx and the trachea.
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The most common cause of retinal detachment is? A) aging B) trauma C) glaucoma D) inflammationtrauma
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What postoperative complication is associated with total hip arthroplasty?urinary incontinence Pulmonary embolism can be caused by fat which dislodges after fracture of a long bone or pelvis, or when performing a total hip arthroplasty.
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Which of the following is a type of passive drain? A) penrose B) hemovac C) pleur-evac D) Jackson-Prattpenrose The penrose drain is a passive drain made from latex that relies on gravity for wound drainage.
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The vocal cords are located in the?larynx
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What type of acquired immunity is a vaccination?artificial active
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When would the anesthesia provider request cricoid pressure?endotracheal intubation Cricoid pressure occludes the esophagus to prevent regurgitation.
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Which instrument would be used during a keratoplasty to remove the cornea? A) Trephine B) Westcott C) Oculotome D) Phacoemulsifiertrephine
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What is the required minimum number of individuals to transfer an incapacitated patient from the OR table to the stretcher?4
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Which of the following regulations states that blood and body fluids should be considered infectious?Standard Precautions Standard Precautions, as defined by the CDC in 1996, are a combination of Universal Precautions and body substance isiolation rules that state all body fluids and blood should be considered infectious.
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What is a major source of distress for toddler and preschool age patients?separation anxiety
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Which structure has oral, nasal, and laryngeal divisions?pharynx
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Otoplasty is performed to correct a congenital deformity of which structure?ear
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An injury a patient sustains as a result of the care given by a healthcare professional is called? A) iatrogenic B) liability C) battery D) tortIatrogenic
