CSPSC 22 LAND PREP

refers to the

process of preparing the soil for

planting crops.

It creates favorable conditions

for seed germination, seedling

growth, and crop management

by reducing weeds and soil

pathogens.

what does land preparation improve

Before tillage, it may be necessary

to clear the field of tall weeds and

other obstructions.

This is also done to reveal the

features of the terrain which helps

in deciding the direction of tillage.

The manipulation of the soil into a

desired condition by mechanical

means; tools are employed to

achieve some desired effect.

It involves breaking up, turning, and

loosening the soil to improve its

structure, manage crop residues,

control weeds, and enhance water

infiltration.

Initial soil preparation, such as

plowing, to break up the soil.

when is the right moisture to start tillage

dry plowing is possible with

is done to incorporate weeds and

stubble underneath the soil, to cut soil into furrow

slices

to partly pulverize the soil

(still in cloddy condition)

refers to

the tillage operations

performed after primary

tillage to refine the soil for

planting.

done to further breaking up

clods, leveling the field,

controlling weeds, and

improving soil structure for

better seedbed preparation.

the number of plowing and harrowing depends on

Used with discs and offset discs, it

follows a continuous loop but leaves a central furrow that's

hard to drain and cultivate.

Implements run parallel, ensuring

efficiency and even cultivation without furrows. Suitable for

rotavators, harrows, and reversible plows.

Plowing starts from the center and

moves outward, requiring field measurement. Works with all

plow types.

in lowland areas these are built to

retain water.

how many weeks or days is the lowland field irrigated

in lowland areas it is done

when the soil is moist

enough for plowing yet firm

enough for traction.

soil depth for plowing for lowland areas

what are commonly used in lowland areas

done after plowing

how many days is submerging done

is done to soften clods and

decompose organic matter.

is done to for the creation a

watertight layer to reduce

water loss and enhance

nutrient retention.

is done using a wooden

plank with a draft animal or small

tractor, requiring 12 days of

water coverage.

how many days will it take a 2 wheel tractor to level a hectare

it ensures

uniform germination, improves

water coverage, and boosts crop

yield and quality.

is mainly used for

upland crops but can also be applied to

lowland fields with diverse crops.

soil plow depth for upland areas

done within 2-3 days of plowing in Upland areas

this area after tillage has no puddling, macro- and

micropores are maintained, water

drains easily if there is no hardpan,

tillage is easy especially at field

capacity.

flooding involved, puddling

involved, macropores are lost while

micropores are maintained, hardpan is

formed,

less available nutrients in upland areas

less available nutrients in lowland areas

a factor of a well prepared upland field

marks planting points

using twine or wire for straight

alignment.

depends on crop variety,

shade conditions, and cropping

system.

maximizes

tree density while allowing proper

growth and ease of management.

This planting system is

commonly followed as it is

easy to layout, and

inter-cropping and cultivation

is visible in two directions

It is a system in which plants in

alternate rows are offset half

the space between plants in a

row.

This arrangement allows

cultivation in three directions

and accommodates 15% more

trees per hectare than the

square system.

A variation of the square

system, this method adds a

filler crops at the center of

each square.

Used on steep hills, this method

aligns tree rows along a uniform

slope, usually at a right angle, to

minimize soil erosion.

On large farms, roads should be

spaced

tilling when soil is dry can cause

tilling when soil is too wet can cause

indicators that the soil has enough water

This also done to cover

fertilizers with soil after

off-barring.

This is also done to facilitate

placement of fertilizers.