CPRT 5.1

refers to various methods by which a pest population is in theory or practice controlled by manipulating its genetic component or other inheritance mechanisms.

The most widely used technique under this control method is

The procedure involves mass-rearing insects, subjecting them to sterilization by irradiation or chemical mutagens, and releasing large numbers of males to mate with wild females

The radiation will cause

is a chemical sterilant used in SIT. Insects are lured into traps containing this compound

draw back of tris-(1-aziridinyl) phosphine oxide

in North and Central America

Florida

controlled by SIT

Queensland

as a lure for mango fruit fly

poison for mango fruit fly

is the heritable property that enables a plant to inhibit pest population growth or recover from an injury caused by populations not inhibited from growing

two ways a plant becomes resistant to pest attacks

is considered a false resistance or pseudo resistance because it is under the primary control of the crop's environment.

is a right or real resistance because it is governed by resistance genes inherent to various introduced sources.

the crop's susceptible stage does not coincide with the pest population's peak such that the plant escapes the damage. In a real sense, the crop has no resistance to the pest

usually increases the resistance of plants to insect feeding.

Leaf Folder

is brought about by the plants' proper care, such as fertilization and other farm practices that make them resistant to insect pest attacks

occurs when a pest is less likely to find or feed on a resistant plant. It can be in the form of physical characteristics (such as dense hairs or a waxy surface) or chemical characteristics that deter feeding or disease infection

occurs when feeding on a resistant plant harms the pest's health or fitness. In general, this is caused by chemicals in the plant tissue which can either directly kill, slow the development of, or reduce the reproductive capacity of a pest

occurs when a plant can continue to thrive despite being attacked. It does not decrease the likelihood of a pest to attack a resistant plant but rather indicates the tolerant plant's ability to continue to thrive despite being attacked

is a property of the host which prevents damage by plant pathogens. It is also defined as the host plant's ability to exclude or overcome a pathogen's effect entirely or to some degree

is perhaps the best pest control method for managing pest and disease problems

These varieties are high yielding and have resistance or moderate resistance to major pests and diseases like rice stemborer, brown planthopper, green leafhopper bacterial blight, and rice blast

bred Rc 222

release rice tungro disease resistant variety

is the host plant's ability to reduce the effect of infection on its fitness regardless of the level of pathogen multiplication so it can still have its normal yield despite the disease infection.

is the host plant's ability to prevent damage by plant pathogens or the host plant's ability to exclude or overcome, entirely or to some degree, the pathogen's effect

• include structural barriers to penetration such as thick plant cuticle, waxy cuticle, partially closed stomates, lignified and suberized cell layers, corky cell layers, and pre-existing compounds

acid in red onion scales

include active defense mechanisms to pathogen establishment. The pathogen induces these mechanisms upon infection. It also includes mechanical barriers, hypersensitive reaction, phytoalexin production, production of toxic metabolites against the pathogen, and detoxification of toxins produced by the pathogen

production of gums, resins, and other exudates in response to pathogen invasion; and lignification and suberization of tissues in response to pathogen infection

is the rapid localized death of host cells around the invading pathogen. It results in confinement and even death of the pathogen

are also produced when a plant exhibit HR

A phenomenon in which plants infected with one pathogen become more resistant to subsequent infection by another pathogen

The pathogens or parts of the pathogens that can induce plants' resistance are called

a mild strain of a virus when inoculated to a healthy plant can protect the plant from an aggressive strain of the same virus. The phenomenon is called

is another compound that can elicit resistance in plants. It has been found effective in inducing resistance of tomato to bacterial wilt, resistance in rice to bacterial blight and inducing resistance in abaca to bacterial heart rot.

examples of plant defense activators

gene "gun," a bacterial "vehicle"

a chemical or electrical treatment (electroporation) inserts the genetic material into the host plant cell

from a virus as part of the package to make the inserted gene express itself

injected to the Corn and cotton from the BT