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What is a DNS server?A server that uses the DNS to translate URLs into IP addresses, they are usually managed by the ISP or IT department
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What is load balancing?Using multiple servers and distributing the traffic among them to prevent network bottlenecks
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What is a DHCP server?A server that uses the DHCP to automatically allocate IP addresses to connected NICs
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What is a file server?A server that centralizes the storage of files (documents, spreadsheets, videos, images, etc.) for sharing among connected users
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What are 2 protocols that are commonly used in file servers?SMB/CIFS (Server Message Block/Common Internet File System) and AFP (Apple Filing Protocol)
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What is a print server?A server that connects a printer to the network
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True or False: Print servers are usually stand-alone objectsFalse - Print servers are often software stored in a client computer, or integrated into the printer
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What are 3 protocols that are commonly used by print servers?SMB/CIFS (Server Message Block/Common Internet File System), IPP (Internet Printing Protocol), and LPD (Line Printer Daemon)
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What is a mail server?A server which stores incoming mail and sends outgoing mail, they are usually managed by the ISP or IT department
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What is a syslog?A standard for message logging that reads and stores data transmitted across the server, usually integrated into the SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) system, requires significant storage capacity
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What is a web server?A server that stores webpages and responds to browser requests, pages are built in HTML
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What is an authentication server?A server that manages authentication for login attempts, almost exclusively provided at the enterprise level, should be redundant
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What is spam?Unsolicited messages
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Why is spam significant?Spam poses a security threat through phishing and malware, as well as using resources that would be otherwise available
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What is a spam gateway?A virtual point on the network, often the firewall, that intercepts and blocks incoming spam, they may be placed on site or be cloud based
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Define and describe UTMUnified Threat Management, is a next-generation firewall and web security gateway that identifies, intercepts, and eliminates security threats and spam
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What is a load balancer?A system which distributes the traffic load onto multiple servers to prevent any single server from being overexerted
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What are 5 other functions of load balancers?TCP Offloading (Protocol overhead), SSL Offloading (Encryption/decryption), Caching, Traffic Prioritization, Content Switching (Application-centric balancing)
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What is a proxy server?An intermediate server between the client and host
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What are 4 reasons one might use a proxy?Controlling Access, Caching, URL Filtering, Content Scanning
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Define and describe SCADA/ICSSupervisory Control and Data Acquisition System/Industrial Control Systems, are systems that facilitate the control of industrial equipment including their external logistics from a centralized computer
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What is a legacy system?An old or outdated system, e.g. old OS, pre-OS computing
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What is an embedded system?A purpose-built device that usually does not have direct access to the operating system, e.g. Alarm systems, time card systems
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Define and describe IoTInternet of Things, are devices that are connected to a network that traditionally would not have network functionality, IoT may require a segmented network to minimize security threats
