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What is a router?A device that routes network traffic between IP subnets, it makes forwarding decisions based on IP address, they often connect networks of different types (LAN, WAN, cable, fiber, etc.)
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What is a switch?A device that routes network traffic to different applications based on data link address, they use an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) to direct traffic, they may be reconfigured easily
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What are the 5 major benefits of a managed switch over an unmanaged switch?Managed switches provide VLAN support to virtually segregate network traffic, managed switches can prioritize traffic, managed switches use the STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) to support redundancy, managed switches can mirror ports to capture packets, and managed switches can be reconfigured remotely
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What is an access point?A device that creates a bridge from the wireless network to a wired network, it makes forwarding decisions based on MAC address
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What is a patch panel?A combination of punch-down blocks and RJ-45 connectors, allows connections from desks to be permanently installed, creates a centralized area of connections to the network switch
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What is a firewall?A filter that manipulates traffic based on port number, it operates on OSI layer 4, some firewalls can filter based on the application, firewalls can encrypt and proxy traffic, most firewalls can be integrated into routers and sit on the ingress/egress of the network
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Define and describe PoEPower over Ethernet, is a mechanism provided by some ethernet cables to power devices through the ethernet cable, commonly used to power phones, cameras, and wireless access points
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What are the specifications of PoE?15.4W DC, 350mA max
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What are the specifications of PoE+?25.5W DC, 600mA max
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What are the specifications of PoE++ Type 3?51W DC, 600mA max
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What are the specifications of PoE++ Type 4?71.3W DC, 960mA max
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What is a hub?A multi-port repeater, traffic that enters one port is repeated to every other port, only operable in half-duplex, outdated
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Define and describe a modemA modulator-demodulator is a device that converts analog electrical or optical signals originating from a cable, DSL, or fiber optic line into digital information and vice-versa
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What is broadband?The standard form of network communication over cable networks using DOCSIS (Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification), it is called broadband because data transmission occurs across many frequencies, it can achieve 1Gb/s
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Define and describe ADSLAsymmetric Digital Subscriber Line uses telephone lines for networking, it is called asymmetric because download speeds are faster than upload speeds, it can achieve 100Mb/s down and 50Mb/s up
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Define and describe ONTsOptical Network Terminals provide access to fiber optic cables for networking, ONTs are directly connected to the ISP, it can achieve 10Gb/s
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Define and describe NICsNetwork Interface Cards are the fundamental networking device present in every networkable device, they are specific to the network type (Ethernet, WAN, wireless, etc.), and are often built-in to the motherboard but can be added as an expansion card
