Chemical properties

In English, to be inert is to be in a state of doing little or nothing.

Metastability denotes the phenomenon when a system spends an extended time in a configuration other than the system's state of least energy.

Amphiphile (from the Greek αμφις, amphis: both and φιλíα, philia: love, friendship) is a term describing a chemical compound possessing both hydrophilic (water-loving, polar) and lipophilic (fat-loving) properties.

The atomic mass (ma) is the mass of an atomic particle, sub-atomic particle, or molecule.

(See also: List of elements by atomic number) In chemistry and physics, the atomic number of a chemical element (also known as its proton number) is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of that element, and therefore identical to the charge number of the nucleus.

In crystallography, crystal structure is a description of the ordered arrangement of atoms, ions or molecules in a crystalline material.

In atomic physics and quantum chemistry, the electron configuration is the distribution of electrons of an atom or molecule (or other physical structure) in atomic or molecular orbitals.

In chemistry, an oxidizing agent (oxidant, oxidizer) is a substance that has the ability to oxidize other substances (cause them to lose electrons).

The oxidation state, often called the oxidation number, is an indicator of the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound.

Solubility is the property of a solid, liquid, or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid, or gaseous solvent.

The speed of sound is the distance travelled per unit time by a sound wave as it propagates through an elastic medium.

In chemistry, the valence or valency of an element is a measure of its combining power with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules.

In physics a vapor (American English spelling) or vapour (British) is a substance in the gas phase at a temperature lower than its critical temperature, which means that the vapor can be condensed to a liquid by increasing the pressure on it without reducing the temperature.

A pyrophoric substance (from Greek πυροφόρος, pyrophoros, "fire-bearing") ignites spontaneously in air at or below 55 °C (130 °F).

A substance is anhydrous if it contains no water, for example, salts lacking their water of crystallisation.

Molar concentration, also called molarity, amount concentration or substance concentration, is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution, or of any chemical species, in terms of amount of substance in a given volume.

Miscibility /mɪsᵻˈbɪlᵻti/ is the property of substances to mix in all proportions (that is, to fully dissolve in each other at any concentration), forming a homogeneous solution.

Relative atomic mass (symbol: Ar) is a dimensionless physical quantity, the ratio of the average mass of atoms of an element (from a single given sample or source) to  1⁄12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12 (known as the unified atomic mass unit).