2023-02-27T01:22:31+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>diffusion</p>, <p>osmosis</p>, <p>tonicity</p>, <p>hypotonic</p>, <p>hypertonic</p>, <p>increase in capillary filtration pressure, decrease in colloidal osmotic pressure, increase in capillary permeability </p>, <p>adh; thirst</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>b</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>antipsychotic </p>, <p>psychogenic polydipsia</p>, <p>Diabetes insipidus </p>, <p>b</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>Renal insufficiency </p>, <p>Natriuretic peptides</p>, <p>retention of water and sodium, excess fluid administration, decreased renal function, fluid shift</p>, <p>edema, increased bp</p>, <p>d</p>, <p>respiratory alkalosis</p>, <p>hypoxemia</p> flashcards
Ch. 8 part.1 Disorders of fluids

Ch. 8 part.1 Disorders of fluids

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  • diffusion

    –The movement of charged or uncharged particles from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration

  • osmosis

    –The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from the side of the membrane with the lesser number of particles and greater concentration of water to the side with the greater number of particles and lesser concentration of water

  • tonicity

    -tension exerted on cells as a result of the osmotic pressure of a solution and the impermeable solutes within that solution.

  • hypotonic

    -cell swells

  • hypertonic

    -cell shrinks

  • increase in capillary filtration pressure, decrease in colloidal osmotic pressure, increase in capillary permeability

    Edema can be formed by (3) :

  • adh; thirst

    ___ and ____ respond to extracellular osmolality and volume.

  • a

    Which fluid contains large amounts of sodium & chloride?

    a) ECF

    b) ICF

  • a

    Which fluid contains moderate amounts of bicarbonate?

    a) ECF

    b) ICF

  • a

    Which fluid contains small quantities of potassium, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate?

    a) ECF

    b) ICF

  • b

    Which fluid contains almost no calcium?

    a) ECF

    b) ICF

  • b

    Which fluid contains small amounts of sodium, chloride, bicarbonate, and phosphate?

    a) ECF

    b) ICF

  • b

    Which fluid contains moderate amounts of Magnesium?

    a) ECF

    b) ICF

  • b

    Which fluid contains large amounts of potassium?

    a) ECF

    b) ICF

  • a

    Thirst and ADH respond to changes in ________.

    a) ECF

    b) ICF

  • antipsychotic

    ______ medications increase ADH levels.

  • psychogenic polydipsia

    -compulsive water drinking

  • Diabetes insipidus

    -patients unable to concentrate urine, fail to respond to ADH, and excrete large volumes of urine.

  • b

    Occurs because of a defect in the synthesis or release of ADH.

    a) Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

    b) Neurogenic Diabetes insipidius

  • a

    Occurs because kidneys do not respond to ADH.

    a) Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

    b) Neurogenic Diabetes insipidius

  • Renal insufficiency

    _____ or a large amount of water ingested quickly can lead to cellular overhydration, or water intoxication.

  • Natriuretic peptides

    -increase excretion of water & inhibit aldosterone.

  • retention of water and sodium, excess fluid administration, decreased renal function, fluid shift

    What are causes of hypervolemia?

  • edema, increased bp

    What are some signs of hypervolemia?

  • d

    Which hypervolemic test is used to identify hypoxemia and respiratory alkalosis?

    a) BUN

    b)BNP

    c) Chest x-ray

    d) ABG

    e) Hematocrit

  • respiratory alkalosis

    -increased pH; decreased PaCO2

  • hypoxemia

    -decreased pH; decreased PaO2