Hosam Mohamed-
a
Which cells secrete glucagon?
a) alpha cells
b) beta cells
c) delta cells
d) F cells
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b
Which cells secrete insulin & amylin?
a) alpha cells
b) beta cells
c) delta cells
d) F cells
-
c
Which cells secrete gastrin & somatostatin?
a) alpha cells
b) beta cells
c) delta cells
d) F cells
-
d
Which cells secrete pancreatic polypeptide?
a) alpha cells
b) beta cells
c) delta cells
d) F cells
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1500 mL
How many mL of pancreatic juice are secreted each day?
-
HCO3, Cl, Na, K
What are the principal ions in pancreatic juice? (4)
-
8.3; neutralizing
The pH of pancreatic juice may reach _____ which important in ______ the gastric acid entering the duodenum with ingested food.
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lipase/colipase, amylase, enolase
The exocrine pancreas secretes (3)
-
acinar
_______ cells secrete enzymes in their active form.
-
lipase, amylase, deoxyribonuclease, ribonuclease
What are enzymes secreted by acinar cells? (4)
-
zymogens
-inactive enzymes
-
b
Where are proenzymes/zymogens activated?
a) distal intestine
b) proximal intestine
c) gallbladder
d) both a & b
-
beta
_____ cells are sensitive to hormones that inhibit insulin secretion.
-
parasympathetic
Neural stimulation of the _________ nervous system is responsible for causing insulin to be secreted.
-
mobilize carbs in liver, forms glucose from muscle, forms glucocorticoids
How does epinephrine elevate blood sugar? (3)
-
hypoglycemia; adrenal medulla
_________ from any cause leads to a secretion of epinephrine from _______ and brings the blood glucose level back to normal.
-
thyroid hormones
________ increase the glucose absorption from the intestine.
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f; hypothyroidism
The rate of glucose absorption from the intestine is decreased in hyperthyroidism. T/F?
-
increases: protein synthesis, insulin after a meal, fat deposition; decreases glucose in blood
How does insulin affect glucose regulation?
-
a
Due to autoimmune B-cell destruction?
a) type 1 diabetes
b) type 2 diabetes
c) monogenic diabetes syndrome
d) Diseases of exocrine pancreas
e) Drug/Chemical induced diabetes
-
b
Which form of diabetes' main cause is insulin resistance?
a) type 1 diabetes
b) type 2 diabetes
c) monogenic diabetes syndrome
d) Diseases of exocrine pancreas
e) Drug/Chemical induced diabetes
-
c
Which diabetes is seen in neonates & maturity-onset diabetes of the young?
a) type 1 diabetes
b) type 2 diabetes
c) monogenic diabetes syndrome
d) Diseases of exocrine pancreas
e) Drug/Chemical induced diabetes
-
d
Which form of diabetes' main cause is Cystic fibrosis & Pancreatitis?
a) type 1 diabetes
b) type 2 diabetes
c) monogenic diabetes syndrome
d) Diseases of exocrine pancreas
e) Drug/Chemical induced diabetes
-
glucocorticoids
Drug/Chemical induced diabetes can be caused by _______.
-
5.7-6.4
Prediabetic A1c?
-
age at first detection of abs, number of abs, ab specificity, ab titer
The rate of progression in type 1 diabetes is dependent on (4)?
-
DKA
-develops when the patient doesn’t have enough insulin to allow blood sugar into his cells for use as energy; causes them to break down fats for fuel and produce acids called ketones.
-
thirsty, frequent urination
Signs & symptoms of Diabetic Ketoacidosis? (2)
-
b,d
Which race is most likely to have type 1 diabetes?
a) white
b) african
c) hispanic
d) asian
