2017-07-31T18:21:03+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true Janeway lesion, Artificial cardiac pacemaker, Echocardiography, Gestational hypertension, Orthostatic hypotension, Sinoatrial node, Stent, Selenium deficiency, Chronotropic, Athletic heart syndrome, Pierre Robin syndrome, Unstable angina, Dressler syndrome, Angina pectoris, Metabolic syndrome, Myocardial infarction, White coat hypertension, Pulmonary embolism, Cardiac arrest, Aortic insufficiency, Aortic valve, Cardiopulmonary bypass, Mitral valve prolapse, Myocarditis, Perfusion, Pulmonary valve, Electrical conduction system of the heart, Foramen ovale (heart), Carney complex, Dextrocardia, Adams–Stokes syndrome, Cardiology, Coronary circulation, Heart failure, Heart valve, Hypotension, Pericarditis, Pulse, Acute coronary syndrome, Endocarditis, Hypertensive emergency, Cardiac tamponade, Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Pulmonary hypertension, Infective endocarditis, Pulmonary heart disease, Prinzmetal's angina, Radiofrequency ablation, Cerebral circulation, Alcoholic cardiomyopathy, Myocardial rupture, Short QT syndrome, Cor triatriatum, Fossa ovalis (heart), Fourth heart sound, Heart sounds, Third heart sound, Vasovagal response, Twiddler's syndrome, Gallop rhythm flashcards
Cardiology

Cardiology

  • Janeway lesion
    Janeway lesions are non-tender, small erythematous or haemorrhagic macular or nodular lesions on the palms or soles only a few millimeters in diameter that are indicative of infective endocarditis.
  • Artificial cardiac pacemaker
    A pacemaker (or artificial pacemaker, so as not to be confused with the heart's natural pacemaker) is a medical device which uses electrical impulses, delivered by electrodes contracting the heart muscles, to regulate the beating of the heart.
  • Echocardiography
    An echocardiogram, often referred to as a cardiac echo or simply an echo, is a sonogram of the heart.
  • Gestational hypertension
    Gestational hypertension or pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is the development of new hypertension in a pregnant woman after 20 weeks gestation without the presence of protein in the urine or other signs of preeclampsia.
  • Orthostatic hypotension
    Orthostatic hypotension, also known as postural hypotension or shortened to orthostasis and colloquially called head rush, occurs when a person's blood pressure falls when suddenly standing up from a lying or sitting position.
  • Sinoatrial node
    The sinoatrial node (often abbreviated SA node; also commonly called the sinus node and less commonly the sinuatrial node) is the normal natural pacemaker of the heart and is responsible for the initiation of the cardiac cycle (heartbeat).
  • Stent
    In medicine, a stent is a metal or plastic tube inserted into the lumen of an anatomic vessel or duct to keep the passageway open, and stenting is the placement of a stent.
  • Selenium deficiency
    Selenium deficiency is relatively rare in healthy well-nourished individuals.
  • Chronotropic
    Chronotropic effects (from chrono-, meaning time, and tropos, "a turn") are those that change the heart rate.
  • Athletic heart syndrome
    Athletic heart syndrome, (AHS) also known as athlete's heart, athletic bradycardia, or exercise-induced cardiomegaly is a nonpathological condition commonly seen in sports medicine, in which the human heart is enlarged, and the resting heart rate is lower than normal.
  • Pierre Robin syndrome
    Pierre Robin syndrome (abbreviated to PRS, and also known as Pierre Robin sequence, Pierre Robin malformation, Pierre Robin anomaly or Pierre Robin anomalad) is a congenital condition of facial abnormalities in humans.
  • Unstable angina
    Unstable angina (UA) is a type of angina pectoris that is irregular.
  • Dressler syndrome
    Dressler syndrome is a secondary form of pericarditis that occurs in the setting of injury to the heart or the pericardium (the outer lining of the heart).
  • Angina pectoris
    Angina pectoris, commonly known as angina, is the sensation of chest pain, pressure, or squeezing, often due to ischemia of the heart muscle from obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries.
  • Metabolic syndrome
    Metabolic syndrome, sometimes known by , is a clustering of at least three of the five (unfold into nine combination) following medical conditions: * abdominal (central) obesity (cf. TOFI) * elevated blood pressure * elevated fasting plasma glucose * high serum triglycerides * low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels Metabolic syndrome is associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
  • Myocardial infarction
    Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle.
  • White coat hypertension
    White coat hypertension, more commonly known as white coat syndrome, is a phenomenon in which patients exhibit a blood pressure level above the normal range, in a clinical setting, though they don't exhibit it in other settings.
  • Pulmonary embolism
    Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a blockage of an artery in the lungs by a substance that has traveled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream (embolism).
  • Cardiac arrest
    Cardiac arrest is a sudden stop in effective blood flow due to the failure of the heart to contract effectively.
  • Aortic insufficiency
    Aortic insufficiency (AI), also known as aortic regurgitation (AR), is the leaking of the aortic valve of the heart that causes blood to flow in the reverse direction during ventricular diastole, from the aorta into the left ventricle.
  • Aortic valve
    The aortic valve is a valve in the human heart between the left ventricle and the aorta.
  • Cardiopulmonary bypass
    Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a technique that temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery, maintaining the circulation of blood and the oxygen content of the patient's body.
  • Mitral valve prolapse
    Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) (a.k.a. floppy mitral valve syndrome, systolic click murmur syndrome or billowing mitral leaflet) is a valvular heart disease characterized by the displacement of an abnormally thickened mitral valve leaflet into the left atrium during systole.
  • Myocarditis
    Myocarditis, also known as inflammatory cardiomyopathy, is inflammation of the heart muscle.
  • Perfusion
    In physiology, perfusion is the process of a body delivering blood to a capillary bed in its biological tissue.
  • Pulmonary valve
    The pulmonary valve (sometimes referred to as the pulmonic valve) is the semilunar valve of the heart that lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and has three cusps.
  • Electrical conduction system of the heart
    The normal electrical conduction in the heart allows the impulse that is generated by the sinoatrial node (SA node) of the heart to be propagated to, and stimulate, the cardiac muscle (myocardium).
  • Foramen ovale (heart)
    In the fetal heart, the foramen ovale (/fəˈreɪmən oʊˈvæli, -mɛn-, -ˈvɑː-, -ˈveɪ-/), also foramen Botalli, ostium secundum of Born or falx septi, allows blood to enter the left atrium from the right atrium.
  • Carney complex
    Carney complex and its subsets LAMB syndrome and NAME syndrome are autosomal dominant conditions comprising myxomas of the heart and skin, hyperpigmentation of the skin (lentiginosis), and endocrine overactivity.
  • Dextrocardia
    Dextrocardia (from Latin dexter, meaning "right," and Greek kardia, meaning "heart") is a rare congenital defect in which the apex of the heart is located on the right side of the body.
  • Adams–Stokes syndrome
    Stokes–Adams syndrome (alternative eponyms include Adams–Stokes syndrome, Gerbezius-Morgagni-Adams–Stokes syndrome and Gerbec-Morgagni-Adams–Stokes syndrome) is a periodic fainting spell in which there is a periodic onset and offset of blockage of heart due to disorder of heart rhythm that may last for seconds, hours, days, or even weeks before the conduction returns.
  • Cardiology
    Cardiology (from Greek καρδίᾱ kardiā, "heart" and -λογία -logia, "study") is a branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the heart as well as parts of the circulatory system.
  • Coronary circulation
    Coronary circulation is the circulation of blood in the blood vessels of the heart muscle myocardium known as coronary arteries.
  • Heart failure
    Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs.
  • Heart valve
    A heart valve normally allows blood to flow in only one direction through the heart.
  • Hypotension
    Hypotension is low blood pressure, especially in the arteries of the systemic circulation.
  • Pericarditis
    Pericarditis is inflammation of the pericardium (the fibrous sac surrounding the heart).
  • Pulse
    "Heart rate and pulse are the same" -In medicine, a pulse represents the tactile arterial palpation of the heartbeat by trained fingertips.
  • Acute coronary syndrome
    Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a syndrome (set of signs and symptoms) due to decreased blood flow in the coronary arteries such that part of the heart muscle is unable to function properly or dies.
  • Endocarditis
    Endocarditis is an inflammation of the inner layer of the heart, the endocardium.
  • Hypertensive emergency
    A hypertensive emergency (Systolic over 180 or diastolic over 120)(formerly called "malignant hypertension") is hypertension (high blood pressure) with acute impairment of one or more organ systems (especially the central nervous system, cardiovascular system and/or the renal system) that can result in irreversible organ damage.
  • Cardiac tamponade
    Cardiac tamponade, also known as pericardial tamponade, is when fluid in the pericardium (the sac around the heart) builds up and results in compression of the heart.
  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
    Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a disease in which a portion of the myocardium (heart muscle) is enlarged without any obvious cause, creating functional impairment of the heart.
  • Pulmonary hypertension
    Pulmonary hypertension (PH or PHTN) is an increase of blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, or pulmonary capillaries, together known as the lung vasculature, leading to shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, leg swelling and other symptoms.
  • Infective endocarditis
    Infective endocarditis is a form of endocarditis.
  • Pulmonary heart disease
    Pulmonary heart disease, also known as cor pulmonale is the enlargement and failure of the right ventricle of the heart as a response to increased vascular resistance (such as from pulmonic stenosis) or high blood pressure in the lungs
  • Prinzmetal's angina
    Prinzmetal's or Prinzmetal angina (/ˈprɪntsmɛtəl/, sounds like "prints metal") (also known as variant angina, angina inversa, or coronary vessel spasm) is a syndrome typically consisting of angina (cardiac chest pain) at rest that occurs in cycles.
  • Radiofrequency ablation
    Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a medical procedure in which part of the electrical conduction system of the heart, tumor or other dysfunctional tissue is ablated using the heat generated from medium frequency alternating current (in the range of 350–500 kHz).
  • Cerebral circulation
    Cerebral circulation is the movement of blood through the network of blood vessels supplying the brain.
  • Alcoholic cardiomyopathy
    Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a disease in which the chronic long-term abuse of alcohol (i.e., ethanol) leads to heart failure.
  • Myocardial rupture
    Myocardial rupture is a laceration or tearing of the wall of the ventricles or atria of the heart, of the interatrial or interventricular septum, or of the papillary muscles.
  • Short QT syndrome
    Short QT syndrome is a genetic disease of the electrical system of the heart.
  • Cor triatriatum
    Cor triatriatum (or triatrial heart) is a congenital heart defect where the left atrium (cor triatriatum sinistrum) or right atrium (cor triatriatum dextrum) is subdivided by a thin membrane, resulting in three atrial chambers (hence the name).
  • Fossa ovalis (heart)
    The fossa ovalis is a depression in the right atrium of the heart, at the level of the interatrial septum, the wall between right and left atrium.
  • Fourth heart sound
    The fourth heart sound or S4 is a rare extra heart sound that occurs immediately before the normal two "lub-dub" heart sounds (S1 and S2).
  • Heart sounds
    Heart sounds are the noises generated by the beating heart and the resultant flow of blood through it.
  • Third heart sound
    The third heart sound or S3 is a rare extra heart sound that occurs soon after the normal two "lub-dub" heart sounds (S1 and S2).
  • Vasovagal response
    A vagal episode or vasovagal response or vasovagal attack (also called neurocardiogenic syncope) is a malaise mediated by the vagus nerve.
  • Twiddler's syndrome
    Twiddler's Syndrome is a malfunction of a pacemaker due to manipulation of the device and the subsequent dislodging of the leads from their intended location.
  • Gallop rhythm
    A gallop rhythm refers to a (usually abnormal) rhythm of the heart on auscultation.