2024-09-18T16:47:01+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>Polysaccahrides</p>, <p>Function of Polysaccahrides</p>, <p>Properties of starch</p>, <p>Amylose</p>, <p>Amylopectin</p>, <p>Glycogen</p>, <p>Chitin</p> flashcards
BIOLOGY - POLYSACCHARIDES

BIOLOGY - POLYSACCHARIDES

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  • Polysaccahrides

    A polymer consisting of many monosaccharide units covalently bonded together

  • Function of Polysaccahrides

    Used as storage compounds or as structural materials in the cell

  • Properties of starch

    Insoluble in water, cannot diffuse, compact so easily stored in small space and carries lots of energy in C-H and C-C bonds

  • Amylose

    Composed of between 200 and 5000 α-glucose units, Joined in a straight, unbranched chain by 1, 4 glycosidic bonds forming between C1 of one molecule and C4 on another, chain is wound into a tight helix making the molecule very compact and makes up about 20% of starchamylopectin

  • Amylopectin

    Made up from between 5000 and 100000 α-glucose units, overall structure is of a branched chain, On the main backbone the glucose units are bound by 1-4 glycosidic bonds, The side chains are bound to the main chain by 1,6 glycosidic bonds, The chain branches every 24-30 glucose units and this makes up about 80% of starch

  • Glycogen

    Storage compound in animal cells and a glucose polymer

  • Chitin

    Exoskeleton of arthropods such as insects and fungal cell walls. Long chains of B-glucose joined in 1,4 glycosidic bond. Has an acetyl group added. Alternative sugar rotates to allow hydrogen bonds to join chains together.