2024-01-29T20:45:46+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>Homeostasis</p>, <p>Receptor Cells</p>, <p>Stimulus</p>, <p>Co ordination Centre (CNS)</p>, <p>Effector</p>, <p>CNS - Central Nervous System</p>, <p>Neurones</p>, <p>Reflex Arc</p>, <p>Endocrine system </p>, <p>Nervous system vs Endocrine system</p>, <p>Key glands and roles </p>, <p>Insulin - released by which gland and what it does</p>, <p>Diabetes </p>, <p>TYPE 1 VS TYPE 2 DIABETES </p>, <p>Glucagon</p>, <p>Menstrual cycle</p>, <p>FHS-Follicle Stimulating Hormone</p>, <p>LH-Luteinising Hormone </p>, <p>Oestrogen + Progesterone</p>, <p>2 contraceptions and an advantage + disadvantage</p>, <p>REACTION TIME PRACTICAL</p> flashcards

Biology Paper 2 - Homeostasis

BIOLOGY PAPER 2

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  • Homeostasis

    The regulation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism to maintain optimum conditions in response to external or internal change

  • Receptor Cells

    They detect changes in the environment and send electrical impulses down neurones to CNS

  • Stimulus

    Change in the environment

  • Co ordination Centre (CNS)

    Receives and processes the information from receptor cells and sends instructions to effector

  • Effector

    Muscle (contracts) or Gland (secrete hormone)which carries out response, restore the optimum level.

  • CNS - Central Nervous System

    Brain and spinal cord

  • Neurones

    Nerve Cell

  • Reflex Arc

    Stimulus is detected by a receptor, Electrical impulses pass from receptor to CNS and at a synapse a chemical is released which diffuses a relay neurone which triggers an electrical impulse which reaches another synapse and a chemical released again.Triggering an electric impulse in a motor neurone and down to the effector (muscle or gland)which responds

  • Endocrine system

    Composed of glands which secretes hormones into bloodstream

  • Nervous system vs Endocrine system

    Fast, short lived, electrical impulses VS slow, longer lasting, hormones Ke

  • Key glands and roles

    Pancreas (hormones involving concentration of glucose in blood), testes , ovaries (hormones involving puberty), thyroid (hormones involving growth and regulating basal metabolic rate), adrenal (hormone adrenaline released in fear or stress), pituitary (releases several different hormones depending on condition)

  • Insulin - released by which gland and what it does

    Pancreas and Reduces blood glucose concentration by triggering cells to store glucose as glycogen.

  • Diabetes

    blood glucose control not working correctly

  • TYPE 1 VS TYPE 2 DIABETES

    type 1-pancreas not producing enough glucose

    type 2-cellsGlu not responding to insulin produced by pancreas

  • Glucagon

    Triggers cells to release glycogen as glucose back into bloodstream if blood glucose concentration too low

  • Menstrual cycle

    Every 28 days an egg is released, the egg can be fertilised if sperm however if no sperm, the egg and uterus lining is released (a period).

  • FHS-Follicle Stimulating Hormone

    Causes an egg to mature in ovary

  • LH-Luteinising Hormone

    Causes an egg to be released - ovulation

  • Oestrogen + Progesterone

    Involved in maintaining of uterus lining incase the egg is fertilised and implants in uterus lining

  • 2 contraceptions and an advantage + disadvantage

    Condom - can reduce risk of STI but can break or slip off

    Contraceptive Pill - highly effective but need to be taken every day

  • REACTION TIME PRACTICAL

    Person 1 sitting, with their dominant arm on the table slightly hanging off. Person 2 should be holding a ruler vertically with 0cm being between thumb and first finger. Then person 2 drops the ruler randomly and person 1 has to catch it with their thumb and first finger. Person 2 reads the measurement where their thumb is. Repeat it multiple times to find a mean. Then they switch places and measure again to see if they have different reaction time.