drydecay-
Nucleotide structure
Phosphate group, nitrogen containing base and pentose sugar
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DNA vs RNA
DNA double stranded, RNA single stranded. Both nucleotide/polymer chain. DNA larger than RNA. One difference in bases, DNA has Thymine and RNA has uracil
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mRNA
Carries genetic code from nucleus to ribosomes to make proteins
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tRNA
Transports amino acids to the ribsomes
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rRNA
Used to make ribosomes in the cell
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Bases in DNA
AGTC
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Bases in RNA
AGCU
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How many hydrogen bonds between C and G
Three
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How many hydrogen bonds between A and T
Two
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Process for making proteins
Genetic code is contained within the chromosomes in the nucleus, RNA copies DNA and moves to the ribosomes, Bases in the DNA code for amino acids which are arranged in a specific order to make the proteins
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ATP
Transfers energy from glucose to where it's needed in a controlled manner. Releases energy in small amounts, only one enzyme is needed and ATP provides common source of energy for many reactions increasing efficiency
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ATP and energy
Enzyme ATPase hydrolyses the bond between the second and third phosphate group. Produces adenine di-phosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate ion and the release of chemical energy. Exergonic reaction and the addition of a phosphate to ADP is called phosphorylation
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ATP uses
Metabolic processes - build complex molecules. Active transport - change carrier protein shape. Nerve transmission.
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What bases are Adenine and Guanine
Purine - two nitrogen containing rings as part of structure
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What bases are Cytosine and Guanine
Pyramidine - single nitrogen containing ring as part of structure
