Biological techniques and tools

X-ray spectroscopy is a gathering name for several spectroscopic techniques for characterization of materials by using x-ray excitation.

In molecular biology, transformation is the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake and incorporation of exogenous genetic material from its surroundings through the cell membrane(s).

Gel electrophoresis is a method for separation and analysis of macromolecules (DNA, RNA and proteins) and their fragments, based on their size and charge.

In biochemistry, the DNA methyltransferase (DNA MTase) family of enzymes catalyze the transfer of a methyl group to DNA.

Dissection (from Latin dissecare "to cut to pieces"; also called anatomization), is the dismembering of the body of a deceased animal or plant to study its anatomical structure.

Ethidium bromide is an intercalating agent commonly used as a fluorescent tag (nucleic acid stain) in molecular biology laboratories for techniques such as agarose gel electrophoresis.

Fluorescein (/flɔərˈɛsiᵻn/ or /flɔərˈɛsin/) is a synthetic organic compound available as a dark orange/red powder slightly soluble in water and alcohol.

2-Mercaptoethanol (also β-mercaptoethanol, BME, 2BME, 2-ME or β-met) is the chemical compound with the formula HOCH2CH2SH.

Phenylthiocarbamide (PTC), also known as phenylthiourea (PTU), is an organosulfur thiourea containing a phenyl ring.

A reverse transcriptase (RT) is an enzyme used to generate complementary DNA (cDNA) from an RNA template, a process termed reverse transcription.

Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) is a fluorescent cell staining dye.

A biomarker, or biological marker, generally refers to a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition.

Avidin is a tetrameric biotin-binding protein produced in the oviducts of birds, reptiles and amphibians and deposited in the whites of their eggs.

A morpholino, also known as a morpholino oligomer and as a phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer (PMO), is type of oligomer molecule (colloquially, an oligo) used in molecular biology to modify gene expression.

ParaSurf is a molecular modelling system using semi-empirical orbital programs to construct molecular surfaces and calculate local properties and descriptors using pharmaceutical companies for drug design.

A molecular-weight size marker, also referred to as a protein ladder, DNA ladder, or RNA ladder, is a set of standards that are used to identify the approximate size of a molecule run on a gel during electrophoresis, using the principle that molecular weight is inversely proportional to migration rate through a gel matrix.

Luminex Corporation (NASDAQ: LMNX) is a biotechnology company based in Austin, Texas, with offices in Madison, WI, Toronto, the Netherlands, Shanghai and Tokyo.