Banking technology

A money changer is a person or organisation whose business is the exchange of coins or currency of one country, for that of another.

Electronic money, or e-money, is the money balance recorded electronically on a stored-value card.

First Data Corporation is a global payment technology solutions company headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, United States.

A smart card, chip card, or integrated circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized card that has embedded integrated circuits.

3-D Secure is an XML-based protocol designed to be an additional security layer for online credit and debit card transactions.

A stored-value card is a payments card with a monetary value stored on the card itself, not in an external account maintained by a financial institution.

Cryptography or cryptology (from Greek κρυπτός kryptós, "hidden, secret"; and γράφειν graphein, "writing", or -λογία -logia, "study", respectively) is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties called adversaries.

Online banking, also known as internet banking, e-banking or virtual banking, is an electronic payment system that enables customers of a bank or other financial institution to conduct a range of financial transactions through the financial institution's website.

Amazon Payments, Inc.

In December 2010, Euronet Pakistan secured the blessings from the State Bank of Pakistan to set up the first EFT outsourcing centre in Pakistan.

Finacle is a core banking product developed by Indian corporation Infosys that provides universal banking functionality to banks.

LIXI is an Australian, member-based not-for-profit company that develops data message transaction standards for the Australian mortgage processing industry, and promotes improvements in efficiency in mortgage processing.

A contactless smart card is a contactless 13.

AccuSystems LLC is an American company headquartered in Pueblo, Colorado that develops, licenses, supports, and sells document imaging software and electronic document management, primarily to the banking and finance industries.

Mobile banking is a service provided by a bank or other financial institution that allows its customers to conduct a range of financial transactions remotely using a mobile device such as a mobile phone or tablet, and using software, usually called an app, provided by the financial institution for the purpose.

VMoney is a financial technology business headquartered in Manila, Philippines.

Zafin is a banking software product company.

The UK Payments Administration Ltd (UKPA) is a United Kingdom service company that provides people, facilities and expertise to the UK payments industry.

Quisk, formerly known as MOBIbucks, is a Silicon Valley-based start-up that digitizes cash and enables financial institutions and others to provide cash-less transactions and safe, simple and secure financial services to anyone with a mobile phone number.

Toll Global Express (TGE) is a division of Toll Group.

Electronic funds transfer (EFT) is the electronic transfer of money from one bank account to another, either within a single financial institution or across multiple institutions, through computer-based systems and without the direct intervention of bank staff.

Dann v. Johnston, 425 U.