2022-12-07T04:01:25+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true Energy, Law of Conservation of Energy, Potential Energy, Kinetic Energy, Heat, Work, State Function (Property), System, Surroundings, Exothermic, Endothermic, Thermodynamics, First Law of Thermodynamics, Internal Energy, Enthalpy, Calorimetry, Heat Capacity, Specific Heat Capacity, Molar Heat Capacity, Hess's Law, Standard Enthalpy of Formation, Standard State, Fossil Fuels, Greenhouse Effect, Syngas, Energy, Law of Conservation of Energy, Potential Energy, Kinetic Energy, Heat, Work, State Function (Property), System, Surroundings, Exothermic, Endothermic, Thermodynamics, First Law of Thermodynamics, Internal Energy, Enthalpy, Calorimetry, Heat Capacity, Specific Heat Capacity, Molar Heat Capacity, Hess's Law, Standard Enthalpy of Formation, Standard State, Fossil Fuels, Greenhouse Effect, Syngas flashcards
AP Chemistry: Chapter 6 Thermochemistry Vocabulary

AP Chemistry: Chapter 6 Thermochemistry Vocabulary

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  • Energy
    The capacity to do work or to cause heat flow
  • Law of Conservation of Energy
    Energy can be converted from one form to another but can be neither created nor destroyed
  • Potential Energy
    Energy due to position or composition
  • Kinetic Energy
    (½mv²) Energy due to the motion of an object; dependent on the mass of the object and the square of its velocity
  • Heat
    Energy transferred between two objects due to a temperature difference between them
  • Work
    Force acting over a distance
  • State Function (Property)
    A property that is independent of the pathway
  • System
    The part of the universe on which attention is to be focused
  • Surroundings
    Everything in the universe surrounding a thermodynamic system
  • Exothermic
    Refers to a reaction where energy (as heat) flows out of the system
  • Endothermic
    Refers to a reaction where energy (as heat) flows into the system
  • Thermodynamics
    The study of energy and its interconversions
  • First Law of Thermodynamics
    The energy of the universe is constant; same as the law of conservation of energy
  • Internal Energy
    A property of a system that can be changed by a flow of work, heat, or both. ∆E = q + w, where ∆E is the change in the internal energy of the system, q is the heat, and w is the work
  • Enthalpy
    A property of a system equal to E + PV, where E is the internal energy of the system, P is the pressure of the system, and V is the volume of the system. At constant pressure, the change in enthalpy equals the energy flow as heat
  • Calorimetry
    The science of measuring heat flow
  • Heat Capacity
    The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of an object by one degree Celsius
  • Specific Heat Capacity
    The energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius
  • Molar Heat Capacity
    The energy required to raise the temperature of one mole of a substance by one degree Celsius
  • Hess's Law
    In going from a particular set of reactants to a particular set of products, the enthalpy change is the same whether the reaction takes place in one step or in a series of steps; in summary, enthalpy is a state function
  • Standard Enthalpy of Formation
    The enthalpy change that accompanies the formation of one mole of a compound at 25°C from its elements, with all substances in their standard states at that temperature
  • Standard State
    A reference state for a specific substance defined according to a set of conventional definitions
  • Fossil Fuels
    Coal, petroleum, or natural gas; consists of carbon-based molecules derived from decomposition of once-living organisms
  • Greenhouse Effect
    A warming effect exerted by the earth's atmosphere (particularly CO₂ and H₂O) due to thermal energy retained by absorption of infrared radiation
  • Syngas
    Synthetic gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, obtained by coal gasification
  • Energy
    The capacity to do work or to cause heat flow
  • Law of Conservation of Energy
    Energy can be converted from one form to another but can be neither created nor destroyed
  • Potential Energy
    Energy due to position or composition
  • Kinetic Energy
    (½mv²) Energy due to the motion of an object; dependent on the mass of the object and the square of its velocity
  • Heat
    Energy transferred between two objects due to a temperature difference between them
  • Work
    Force acting over a distance
  • State Function (Property)
    A property that is independent of the pathway
  • System
    The part of the universe on which attention is to be focused
  • Surroundings
    Everything in the universe surrounding a thermodynamic system
  • Exothermic
    Refers to a reaction where energy (as heat) flows out of the system
  • Endothermic
    Refers to a reaction where energy (as heat) flows into the system
  • Thermodynamics
    The study of energy and its interconversions
  • First Law of Thermodynamics
    The energy of the universe is constant; same as the law of conservation of energy
  • Internal Energy
    A property of a system that can be changed by a flow of work, heat, or both. ∆E = q + w, where ∆E is the change in the internal energy of the system, q is the heat, and w is the work
  • Enthalpy
    A property of a system equal to E + PV, where E is the internal energy of the system, P is the pressure of the system, and V is the volume of the system. At constant pressure, the change in enthalpy equals the energy flow as heat
  • Calorimetry
    The science of measuring heat flow
  • Heat Capacity
    The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of an object by one degree Celsius
  • Specific Heat Capacity
    The energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by one degree Celsius
  • Molar Heat Capacity
    The energy required to raise the temperature of one mole of a substance by one degree Celsius
  • Hess's Law
    In going from a particular set of reactants to a particular set of products, the enthalpy change is the same whether the reaction takes place in one step or in a series of steps; in summary, enthalpy is a state function
  • Standard Enthalpy of Formation
    The enthalpy change that accompanies the formation of one mole of a compound at 25°C from its elements, with all substances in their standard states at that temperature
  • Standard State
    A reference state for a specific substance defined according to a set of conventional definitions
  • Fossil Fuels
    Coal, petroleum, or natural gas; consists of carbon-based molecules derived from decomposition of once-living organisms
  • Greenhouse Effect
    A warming effect exerted by the earth's atmosphere (particularly CO₂ and H₂O) due to thermal energy retained by absorption of infrared radiation
  • Syngas
    Synthetic gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, obtained by coal gasification