Aldoses

Deoxyribose, or more precisely 2-deoxyribose, is a monosaccharide with idealized formula H−(C=O)−(CH2)−(CHOH)3−H.

Gulose is an aldohexose sugar.

Idose is a hexose, a six carbon monosaccharide.

Xylose (cf. Greek ξύλον, xylon, "wood") is a sugar first isolated from wood, and named for it.

Galactose (galacto- + -ose, "milk sugar"), sometimes abbreviated Gal, is a monosaccharide sugar that is less sweet than glucose and fructose.

Glyceraldehyde (glyceral) is a triose monosaccharide with chemical formula C3H6O3.

Mannose is a sugar monomer of the aldohexose series of carbohydrates.

Arabinose is an aldopentose – a monosaccharide containing five carbon atoms, and including an aldehyde (CHO) functional group.

Rhamnose (Rha, Rham) is a naturally occurring deoxy sugar.

Ribose is a carbohydrate with the formula C5H10O5; specifically, it is a pentose monosaccharide (simple sugar) with linear form H−(C=O)−(CHOH)4−H, which has all the hydroxyl groups on the same side in the Fischer projection.

Erythrose is a tetrose carbohydrate with the chemical formula C4H8O4.

Talose is an aldohexose sugar.

Threose is a four-carbon monosaccharide or carbohydrate with molecular formula C4H8O4.

Glycolaldehyde is the organic compound with the formula HOCH2-CHO.